Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies (N = 11).
| First author, Year | % Female | Mean age (SD) | Medical condition | PTSD inclusion at baseline | Intervention (n) | Session frequency/Duration | Comparison (n) | Delivery mode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| DuHamel et al., 2010 | 50.6 | 51.01 (11.81) | Stem-cell transplantation | (1) PTSD diagnosis (PCL-C); (2) total PTSD symptoms ≥ 1 SD than the mean (PCL-C); or (3) scores exceeding cutoff for ≥ 1 PTSD symptom cluster (PCL-C) |
CBT with trauma focus (52) | 10 sessions/10–16 weeks | Assessment only (37) | Virtual |
| Shemesh et al., 2011 | 33.3 | 57.14 (10.99) | Cardiac event | Diagnosis of PTSD (SCID) | CBT with trauma focus (30) | 3–5 sessions/NR | 1–3 sessions of medication education (30) | In-person |
| Arabia et al., 2011 | 33.3 | 63.48 (10.32) | Cardiac event | Elevated PTSD symptoms (IES-R ≥ 22) | EMDR (21) | Twice per week/4 weeks | 8 imaginal exposure sessions (21) | In-person |
| Pacella et al., 2012 | 36.9 | 46 (NR) | HIV | Elevated PTSD symptoms (PDS), PTSD confirmed (SCID) | PE (34) | Twice per week/5 weeks | Weekly monitoring (24) | In-person |
| Capezzani et al., 2013 | 90.5 | 51.72 (8.00) | Cancer (various) | Diagnosis of PTSD (CAPS) | EMDR (11) | Once per week/8 weeks | 8 weekly CBT sessions (10) | In-person |
| Ford et al., 2016 | NR | NR | ICD placement for arrhythmia | Elevated PTSD symptoms (IES-R mean item score ≥ 1.5) | CBT (12) | Once per week/8 weeks | Usual cardiac care (19) | Virtual |
| Carletto et al., 2016 * | 81 | 40.11 (10.82) | Multiple sclerosis | Elevated PTSD symptoms (IES-R ≥ 33), PTSD confirmed (SCID) | EMDR (25) | 10 sessions/12–15 weeks | Relaxation therapy (25) | In-person |
| Jarero et al., 2018 | 100 | 47.02 (NR) | Cancer (various) | Elevated PTSD symptoms (PCL-5 ≥ 30) | EMDR (35) | 3 times per day/2 days | Waitlist control (30) | In-person |
| Jiang et al., 2022 | 29.4 | 56.35 (11.87) | Stroke | Diagnosis of PTSD (CAPS-5) | Supportive therapy (9) | Once per week/ 12 weeks | Monthly health education (9) | Virtual |
| Zolfa et al., 2023 | 100 | 41.04 (9.38) | Cancer (breast) | Elevated PTSD symptoms (PCL-5 ≥ 33) | WET (23) | Once per week/5 weeks | Assessment only (23) | In-person |
| Jiang et al., 2023 | 36.8 | 55.62 (8.41) | Stroke | Diagnosis of PTSD (CAPS-5) | TMS (18) TMS + BE (19) |
5 days per week/2 weeks | Sham TMS (20) | In-person |
Note. CAPS: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale; CAPS-5: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5; CBT: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; EMDR: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; ICD: Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator; IES-R: Impact of Event Scale-Revised; NR: not reported; PCL-5: PTSD Checklist for DSM-5; PCL-C: PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version; PDS: Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale; PE: Prolonged Exposure; PTSD: posttraumatic stress disorder; TMS: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; TMS + BE: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation plus Brief Exposure; SCID: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM; SD: standard deviation; WET: Written Exposure Therapy
Study included in previous review [19] and was incorporated here to provide a comprehensive description of the existing literature. However, it was not identified in our search, as terms related to multiple sclerosis were not included in our search strategy given that it is unlikely to meet the diagnostic criteria for PTSD under DSM-5.