Table 4.
Association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and known and potential risk factors.
| Prematurity (n = 9) | Low birth weight (n = 9) | Small for gestational age (n = 5) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factor | Yes | No | P valuea | Yes | No | P valuea | Yes | No | P valuea |
| Disease activity <6 months prior to conception | 20.0% (1/5) | 14.0% (8/57) | .717 | 20.0% (1/5) | 14.0% (8/57) | .717 | 0.0% (0/5) | 8.8% (5/57) | .490 |
| Disease activity during pregnancyb | 10.0% (2/20) | 16.7% (7/42) | .486 | 10.0% (2/20) | 16.7% (7/42) | .486 | 0.0% (0/20) | 11.9% (5/42) | .108 |
| Any stoma-complication | 13.6% (6/44) | 16.7% (3/18) | .758 | 15.9% (7/44) | 11.1% (2/18) | .626 | 6.8% (3/44) | 11.1% (2/18) | .573 |
| Major stoma-complicationc | 15.2% (5/33) | 13.8% (4/29) | .880 | 15.2% (5/33) | 13.8% (4/29) | .880 | 6.1% (2/33) | 10.3% (3/29) | .536 |
| Mother underweightd | 33.3% (1/3) | 13.6% (8/59) | .343 | 33.3% (1/3) | 13.6% (8/59) | .343 | 0.0% (0/3) | 8.5% (5/59) | .599 |
| Mother overweighte | 13.6% (3/22) | 15.0% (6/40) | .884 | 9.1% (2/22) | 17.5% (7/40) | .368 | 9.1% (2/22) | 7.5% (3/40) | .826 |
| Maternal age >35 years | 8.3% (1/12) | 16.0% (8/50) | .498 | 0.0% (0/12) | 18.0% (9/50) | .112 | 0.0% (0/12) | 10.0% (5/50) | .253 |
| Mother currently smoking | 40.0% (2/5) | 12.3% (7/57) | .092 | 20.0% (1/5) | 14.0% (8/57) | .717 | 0.0% (0/5) | 8.8% (5/57) | .490 |
| Conceived with ART | 7.7% (1/13) | 16.3% (8/49) | .432 | 15.4% (2/13) | 14.3% (7/49) | .920 | 15.4% (2/13) | 6.1% (3/49) | .276 |
aPearson’s chi-square test.
bDisease activity at any timepoint during pregnancy. Disease activity was defined as a fecal calprotectin measurement of 50 µg g–1 or higher and/or an increased activity score (Harvey–Bradshaw Index or Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index for CD and UC, respectively).
cMajor stoma-related complications consisted of obstruction, parastomal hernia, prolapse.
dUnderweight is defined as Body Mass Index (BMI) <18.5.
eOverweight is defined as BMI >25.