Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of included studies.
| Authors year | Ethnicity | Age, years mean ± SD | Sample | Male/Female | Intervention arm(s) | Control arm | Outcome measures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohen et al., 2024 (19) | American | 64.4 ± 9.9 65.6 ± 9.0 |
86/86 | 201/57 | Acupuncture | Standard of care | XeQoL, XQ |
| Silva et al., 2023 (44) | American | 59 ± 39.0 62 ± 35.8 |
26/27 | 42/11 | Photobiomodulation | Standard of care | XeQoL |
| kaae et al., 2020 (27) | Europe | 61 60.5 |
55/36 | 84/54 | Gum | Standard of care | SSFR, XeQoL |
| Mozaffari et al., 2024 (38) | Asian | 54.1 ± 15.4 57 ± 15.18 |
17/20 | 26/11 | Photobiomodulation | Standard of care | SSFR |
| Iovoli et al., 2020 (54) | American | 61.1 ± 7.5 62.6 ± 8.9 |
15/15 | 26/4 | Electrical Nerve Stimulation | Standard of care | XeQoL |
| Louzeiro et al., 2020 (33) | North America | / | 10/11 | / | photobiomodulation | Standard of care | XeQoL, VAS, USFR, SSFR |
| Mercadante et al., 2024 (48) | Europe | 58.4 ± 10.8 58.2 ± 9.3 |
36/32 | 66/20 | Salivary Electrostimulation | Standard of care | XeQoL, VAS, SSFR |
| Piboonratanakit et al., 2023 (53) | Asian | 54.1 ± 13.9 58.3 ± 14.8 |
35/35 | 44/25 | Trehalose Oral Spray | Standard of care | XeQoL, VAS, USFR |
| Marimuthu et al., 2021 (47) | Asian | / | 47/47 | 63/31 | Saliva substitute mouthwash | Standard of care | XI, USFR |
| Meng Z et al., 2012 (46) | Asian | 45.6 ± 10.8 48.9 ± 10.5 |
29/33 | 59/25 | Acupuncture | Standard of care | XQ, USFR, SSFR |
| Blom et al., 1996 (29) | Europe | 60 ± 9.7 63.72 ± 8.4 |
20/18 | 26/12 | Acupuncture | Standard of care | USFR, SSFR |
| Carcia et al., 2019 (34) | American | 46.3 ± 11.5 46.4 ± 10.4 |
46/37 | 70/17 | Acupuncture | Standard of care | XQ |
| Cho et al., 2008 (43) | Europe | 49.2 ± 10.6 48.7 ± 31.4 |
6/6 | / | Acupuncture | Standard of care | XQ, USFR, SSFR |
| Pfister et al., 2010 (28) | American | 61 57 |
28/30 | 38/20 | Acupuncture | Standard of care | XI |
| Agna et al., 2021 (50) | South America | 62.7 ± 11.1 61.5 ± 10.6 |
47/52 | 90/17 | Acupuncture | Standard of care | XI |
| Lakshman et al., 2015 (36) | Asian | / | 10/10 | / | Salivary Electrostimulation | Standard of care | USFR, SSFR |
| Paim et al., 2019 (35) | South America | 59.9 ± 5.8 57.5 ± 8.1 |
37/31 | 63/4 | Salivary Electrostimulation | Standard of care | SSFR |
| Saleh et al., 2024 (32) | South America | 58.7 ± 9.1 55.6 ± 8.7 |
12/11 | 15/8 | Low-Level Laser Therapy | Standard of care | USFR, SSFR, XeQoL |
| Gonnelli et al., 2016 (41) | South America | / | 13/10 | 20/3 | Low-level laser therapy | Standard of care | USFR, SSFR |
| Barbosa et al., 2018 (37) | South America | 40.5 ± 12.5 61.0 ± 27.6 |
15/29 | 36/8 | Low-level laser therapy | Standard of care | VAS, SSFR |
| Fidelix et al., 2018 (42) | South America | 53.9 ± 11.7 57.2 ± 11.59 |
33/33 | 2/64 | Low-level laser therapy | Standard of care | XI, SSFR |
| Sugaya et al., 2016 (40) | South America | 57.3 ± 49.7 62.7 ± 22.6 |
13/10 | 2/21 | Low Intensity laser therapy | Standard of care | VAS |
| Nagy et al., 2007 (55) | Europe | 57.9 ± 10.5 58 ± 9.3 |
18/18 | 20/16 | Biotène Oral Balance gel | Standard of care | VAS, USFR |
| Criswell et al., 2001 (39) | American | / | 12/12 | 20/4 | Supersaturated humidification | Standard of care | VAS |
| Momm et al., 2005 (31) | Europe | / | 60/60 | 89/31 | Oral Balance gel | Mucin spray | XI, USFR |
| Paterson et al., 2019 (45) | Europe | 62 ± 30 58 ± 25.6 |
25/14 | 35/4 | Visco-ease™ oral spray | Standard of care | XI |
| Cankar et al., 2011 (51) | Europe | 56.3 ± 1.9 | 8/8 | 9/7 | Hyperbaric Oxygenation | Standard of care | USFR |
| Charalambous et al., 2017 (52) | American | 59.9 ± 12.7 63.1 ± 14.3 |
36/36 | 52/20 | Thyme honey mouthwash | Standard of care | XQ, XeQoL |
| Cosimo et al., 2023 (49) | Europe | 54.2 ± 10.4 55.1 ± 10.8 |
16/16 | 19/13 | Sodium-hyaluronate mouthwash | Standard of care | XQ |
| Aagaard et al., 1992 (30) | Europe | / | 43/39 | / | Gum | Standard of care | USFR, SSFR |