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. 2025 Jul 30;12:1646739. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1646739

Table 6.

Mean difference in levels of attitude towards conducting nursing research based on nurses’ demographics (n = 220).

Variables Categories Frequency Mean ± SD T value p-Value
1. Gender Female 122 146.8 ± 44.2 −0.540 0.062
Male 89 152.7 ± 39.2
2. Further education Yes 116 158.7 ± 32.7 3.536 0.000
No 104 139.2 ± 48.7
3. Participant engagement in conducting research Yes 95 157.1 ± 32.6 2.346 0.000
No 125 143.8 ± 47.5
4. Incentive Yes 187 149.8 ± 43.6 0.214 0.048
No 33 148.1 ± 33.2