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. 2025 Jul 29;16:1607903. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1607903

Figure 4.

Four network diagrams labeled A, B, C, and D, each depicting different connections between treatments. Larger nodes indicate more connections. Lines vary in thickness, representing the strength of connections. Labels include CBT, AC, AP, BZD, NBZD, PLA, RT, rTMS, SH, CUP, and Wait List. Each diagram focuses on a different aspect: PSQI, TST, SE, and SL.

Network evidence map of pairwise comparison on PSQI (A), TST (B), SE (C), and SL (D). PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; TST, Total Sleep Time; SE, sleep efficiency; SL, sleep latency; AC, Acupuncture; CBT, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; AP, Acupressure/Massage; RT, Relaxation Therapy; CUP, Cupping Therapy: SH, Sleep Hygiene; rTMS, Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; BZD, Benzodiazepines; NBZD, Non-Benzodiazepines; PLA, Placebo (sham acupuncture or sham treatment); Wait List, Waiting List.