Table II.

Crude and adjusted odds ratio of sociodemographic variables and its association with receiving physical, psychological, sexual, neglect and digital violence in adolescents. ESMAV-Jalisco 2021 (n=3 046).

Variables	Physical				Psychological			Sexual		Neglect				Digital
	%	OR crude ‡ (95% CI)	OR adjusted ¥ (95% CI)	%	OR crude ‡ (95% CI)	OR adjusted ¥ (95% CI)	%	OR crude ‡ (95% CI)	OR adjusted ¥ (95% CI)	%	OR crude ‡ (95% CI)	OR adjusted ¥ (95% CI)	%	OR crude ‡ (95% CI)	OR adjusted ¥ (95% CI)
Sex
Men	47.3	ref.	ref.	35.2	ref.	ref.	1.8	ref.	ref.	32.3	ref.	ref.	7.6	ref.	ref.
Women	46.7	1.0 (0.8–1.1)	0.8 (0.6–0.9)*	48.2	1.7 (1.5–2.0)**	1.9 (1.5–2.3)**	7.8	4.7 (3.0–7.3)**	3.6 (2.2–6.0)**	36.9	1.2 (1.1–1.4)*	1.0 (0.8–1.2)	15.8	2.3 (1.8–2.9)**	1.7 (1.3–2.3)**
Age years
12 to 14	46.7	ref.	ref.	40.5	ref.	ref.	4.1	ref.	ref.	34.1	ref.	ref.	9.9	ref.	ref.
15 to 19	47.5	1.0 (0.9–1.2)	0.7 (0.6–0.9)**	50.4	1.5 (1.3–1.8)**	1.3 (1.0–1.6)*	9.3	2.4 (1.7–3.3)**	1.7 (1.2–2.5)**	37.8	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	20.9	2.4 (1.9–3.0)**	2.0 (1.6–2.7)**
Grade-point average
< 8.0	50.8	ref.	ref.	48.7	ref.	ref.	8.7	ref.	ref.	41.9	ref.	ref.	16.0	ref.	ref.
8.0 to 8.9	50.1	1.0 (0.8–1.2)	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	43.0	0.8 (0.7–1.0)*	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	4.5	0.5 (0.3–0.7)**	0.6 (0.4–0.8)**	37.8	0.8 (0.7–1.0)	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	11.9	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	0.8 (0.6–1.1)
9.0 to 10	41.4	0.7 (0.6–0.8)**	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	38.3	0.7 (0.5–0.8)**	0.8 (0.7–1.0)	3.6	0.4 (0.3–0.6)**	0.5 (0.3–0.8)**	27.6	0.5 (0.4–0.6)**	0.6 (0.5–0.8)**	10.3	0.6 (0.5–0.8)**	0.8 (0.6–1.1)
Job
No	42.8	ref.	ref.	39.6	ref.	ref.	4.4	ref.	ref.	32.4	ref.	ref.	11.0	ref.	ref.
Yes	56.9	1.8 (1.5–2.1)**	1.5 (1.3–1.8)**	49.9	1.5 (1.3–1.8)**	1.2 (1.0–1.5)	7.1	1.7 (1.2–2.3)**	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	41.0	1.5 (1.2 – 1.7)**	1.3 (1.1–1.5)**	15.5	1.5 (1.2–1.9)**	1.1 (0.9–1.4)
Social networks use
Never	33.8	ref.	ref.	28.1	ref.	ref.	3.1	ref.	ref.	30.9	ref.	ref.	6.3	ref.	ref.
Rarely/ocasional	37.4	1.2 (0.9–1.6)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	34.0	1.3 (1.0–1.8)	1.2 (0.8–1.6)	2.9	0.9 (0.4–2.0)	0.6 (0.3–1.4)	32.2	1.1 (0.8–1.4)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	7.7	1.3 (0.7–2.1)	1.0 (0.6–1.8)
Frequent/very frequent	51.9	2.1 (1.7–2.7)**	1.7 (1.3–2.2)**	47.6	2.3 (1.8–3.0)**	1.4 (1.0–1.9)*	6.3	2.1 (1.1–4.0)*	0.8 (0.4–1.6)	36.4	1.3 (1.0–1.7)	1.0 (0.7–1.3)	14.7	2.6 (1.6–4.1)**	1.3 (0.8–2.2)
Video game use time
I don’t play	42.9	ref.	ref.	42.2			6.5	ref.	ref.	37.3	ref.	ref.	13.6	ref.	ref.
<1 hour per day	44.2	1.1 (0.9–1.3)	1.1 (0.8–1.3)	38.4	0.9 (0.7–1.0)	1.1 (0.8–1.4)	3.5	0.5 (0.3–0.9)*	0.7 (0.4–1.3)	34.7	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	9.6	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	0.9 (0.6–1.3)
1 hour per day	50.0	1.3 (1.1–1.7)*	1.3 (1.0–1.7)	41.7	1.0 (0.8–1.2)	1.2 (0.9–1.6)	4.2	0.6 (0.4–1.1)	0.9 (0.5–1.6)	33.7	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	0.8 (0.7–1.1)	12.2	0.9 (0.6–1.3)	1.2 (0.8–1.8)
2 hours per day	51.0	1.4 (1.1–1.7)**	1.2 (0.9–1.6)	42.7	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	1.3 (1.0–1.8)	3.8	0.6 (0.3–1.0)	1.0 (0.5–1.8)	30.1	0.7 (0.6–0.9)*	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	9.6	0.7 (0.5–1.0)*	0.9 (0.6–1.4)
3 hours per day	54.2	1.6 (1.2–2.1)**	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	44.3	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	5.5	0.8 (0.4–1.6)	1.5 (0.7–3.1)	30.4	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	0.7 (0.5–1.0)	11.4	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	1.1 (0.6–1.9)
4 hours per day	50.9	1.4 (0.9–2.0)	1.0 (0.7–1.6)	52.7	1.5 (1.0–2.3)*	2.1 (1.3–3.4)**	6.3	1.0 (0.4–2.1)	1.4 (0.6–2.2)	28.6	0.7 (0.4–1.0)	0.6 (0.4–0.9)*	10.7	0.8 (0.4–1.4)	0.9 (0.4–1.7)
≥5 hours per day	61.2	2.1 (1.5–3.0)**	1.4 (0.9–2.1)	56.8	1.8 (1.3–2.6)**	1.6 (1.0–2.5)*	6.5	1.0 (0.5–2.0)	1.0 (0.4–2.2)	42.5	1.2 (0.9–1.8)	1.0 (0.7–1.5)	23	1.9 (1.2–2.9)**	2.1 (1.3–3.5)**
Father's education
Completed secondary school or less (ref.)	47.4	ref.	ref.	41.1	ref.	ref.	4.9	ref.	ref.	35.1	ref.	ref.	11.5	ref.	ref.
Completed or incomplete high school	47.6	1.0 (0.8–1.2)	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	43.6	1.1 (0.9–1.3)	1.1 (0.9–1.5)	6.0	1.2 (0.8–1.9)	1.4 (0.9–2.2)	31.2	0.8 (0.7–1.0)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	11.3	1.0 (0.7–1.3)	0.8 (0.6–1.1)
College degree or more	41.9	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	44.3	1.1 (0.9–1.5)	1.2 (0.9–1.7)	3.6	0.7 (0.4–1.4)	0.7 (0.3–1.6)	26.9	0.7 (0.5–0.9)*	0.9 (0.6–1.3)	13.4	1.2 (0.8–1.8)	1.0 (0.6–1.6)
Don’t know	46.8	1.0 (0.7–1.3)	0.9 (0.6–1.3)	46.4	1.2 (0.9–1.6)	1.1 (0.8–1.7)	6.0	1.2 (0.7–2.2)	1.0 (0.5–2.1)	46.0	1.6 (1.2–2.1)**	1.6 (1.1–2.2)*	15.3	1.4 (1.0–2.0)	1.2 (0.7–2.0)
Donť have father	46.8	1.0 (0.7–1.4)	0.8 (0.5–1.2)	49.7	1.4 (1.0–2.0)*	1.2 (0.8–1.8)	7.8	1.6 (0.9–3.1)	1.1 (0.5–2.2)	43.3	1.4 (1.0–2.0)	1.4 (0.9–1.9)	19.9	1.9 (1.2–3.0)**	1.4 (0.8–2.3)
Mother's education
Completed secondary school or less (ref.)	46.6	ref.	ref.	41.3	ref.	ref.	5.4	ref.	ref.	37.4	ref.	ref.	11.2	ref.	ref.
Completed or incomplete high school	47.4	1.0 (0.9–1.2)	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	43.2	1.1 (0.9–1.3)	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	4.6	0.8 (0.6–1.3)	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	31.4	0.8 (0.6–0.9)*	0.8 (0.6–0.9)**	13.5	1.2 (1.0–1.6)	1.3 (1.0–1.8)
College degree or more	49.0	1.1 (0.9–1.4)	1.1 (0.8–1.5)	48.4	1.3 (1.0–1.7)*	1.4 (1.0–1.9)	5.9	1.1 (0.7–1.9)	1.1 (0.6–2.1)	24.7	0.6 (0.4–0.7)**	0.5 (0.4–0.7)**	15.1	1.4 (1.0–2.0)	1.5 (0.9–2.3)
Don’t know	43.0	0.9 (0.6–1.2)	0.7 (0.5–1.2)	44.9	1.2 (0.8–1.6)	1.1 (0.7–1.8)	5.1	0.9 (0.5–2.0)	0.8 (0.3–2.1)	43.7	1.3 (0.9–1.8)	0.9 (0.6–1.4)	13.9	1.3 (0.8–2.1)	1.1 (0.6–2.1)
Donť have mother	62.5	1.9 (0.5–8.0)	3.1 (0.7–14.6)	25.0	0.5 (0.1–2.4)	0.4 (0.1–2.2)	0.0	NEO	NEO	12.5	0.2 (0.0–2.0)	0.2 (0.0–1.7)	12.5	1.1 (0.1–9.2)	2.1 (0.3–18.6)
Family Affluence Scale ‡
Low	42.3	ref.	ref.	38.5	ref.	ref.	4.8	ref.	ref.	32.2	ref.	ref.	9.8
Medium	48.9	1.3 (1.1–1.5)*	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	44.6	1.3 (1.1–1.5)**	1.1 (0.9–1.3)	5.6	1.2 (0.8–1.7)	1.03 (0.7–1.6)	34.9	1.1 (1.0–1.3)	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	13.7	1.46 (1.1–1.9)**	1.3 (1.0–1.7)
High	50.3	1.4 (1.1–1.7)*	1.2 (0.9–1.5)	45.4	1.3 (1.1–1.6)**	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	5.0	1.0 (0.7–1.6)	0.9 (0.5–1.5)	39.6	1.4 (1.1–1.7)**	1.7 (1.4–2.2)**	13.6	1.45 (1.1–2.0)*	1.2 (0.8–1.7)
Violence received
Physical
No		--	--	22.6	ref.	ref.	2.2	ref.	ref.	31.0	ref.	ref.	7.4	ref.	ref.
Yes		--	--	65.4	6.5 (5.5– 7.6)**	6.0 (5.0– 7.1)**	8.6	4.1 (2.8– 6.0)**	1.8 (1.2– 2.8)**	39.4	1.5 (1.3– 1.7)**	1.0 (0.8– 1.2)	17.9	2.8 (2.2–3.5)**	1.3 (1.0– 1.8)*
Psychological
No	28.3	ref.	ref.		--	--	1.0	ref.	ref.	27.5	ref.	ref.	4.5	ref.	ref.
Yes	71.9	6.5 (5.5–7.6)**	6.0 (5.0–7.1)**		--	--	10.9	12.5 (7.5– 20.8)**	5.2 (3.0– 9.1)**	45.0	2.2 (1.9– 2.5)**	1.8 (1.5– 2.2)**	22.8	6.2 (4.8–8.1)**	3.6 (2.7–4.8)**
Sexual
No	45.2	ref.	ref.	40.1	ref.	ref.		--	--	33.5	ref.	ref.	10.3	ref.	ref.
Yes	77.4	4.1 (2.8– 6.0)**	1.8 (1.2– 2.7)**	89.3	12.5 (7.5– 0.8)**	5.0 (2.9–8.9)**		--	--	60.4	3.0 (2.2–4.2)**	1.7 (1.2– 2.5)**	49.7	8.6 (6.2–12.1)**	3.6 (2.5–5.2)**
Neglect
No	43.7	ref.	ref.	36.1	ref.	ref.	3.2	ref.	ref.		--	--	8.5	ref.	ref.
Yes	52.9	1.5 (1.3– 1.7)**	1.0 (0.8– 1.2)	54.9	2.2 (1.9–2.5)**	1.8 (1.5–2.2)**	9.0	3.0 (2.2– 4.2)**	1.7 (1.2–2.5)**		--	--	19.4	2.6 (2.1–3.2)**	1.8 (1.4–2.3)**
Digital
No	43.9	ref.	ref.	37.6	ref.	ref.	3.0	ref.	ref.	32.1	ref.	ref.		--	--
Yes	68.3	2.8 (2.2– 3.5)**	1.3 (1.0– 1.8)*	78.9	6.2 (4.8–8.1)**	3.6 (2.7–4.8)**	21.1	8.6 (6.2–12.1)**	3.6 (2.5–5.2)**	54.9	2.6 (2.1–3.2)**	1.8 (1.4– 2.3)**		--	--

OR: Odds Ratio; CI: Confidence interval; NEO: Not Enough Observations

^‡Logistic regression model

^¥Logistic regression model adjusted for all covariates.

^*p<0.05

^**p<0.01