2D	Two-dimensional
3D	Three-dimensional
3D EVs	Tumor spheroid-derived extracellular vesicles
ARF6	ADP-ribosylation factor 6
ASCs	Adult tissue-resident stem cells
BMDC	Bone marrow-derived cells
CAF	Cancer-associated fibroblast
CEA	Carcinoembryonic antigen
CRC	Colorectal cancer
ECs	Endothelial cells
ESCRT	Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport
ESCs	Embryonic stem cells
EVs	Extracellular vesicles
FAP	Familial adenomatous polyposis
FBS	Fetal bovine serum
Fc	Fragment crystallizable
FLT1	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
GBM	Glioblastoma
GelMA	Gelatin methacrylate
GMP	Good manufacturing practice
HA	Hyaluronic acid
HSC	Hepatic stellate cell
IL-4	Interleukin-4
IL-6	Interleukin-6
IL-8	Interleukin-8
IL-13	Interleukin-13
ILV	Intraluminal vesicle
iPSCs	Induced pluripotent stem cells
MDSC	Myeloid-derived suppressor cell
METTL3	Methyltransferase-like 3
MIO NPs	Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
MMPs	Matrix metalloproteinases
MTS	Multicellular tumor spheroids
MVBs	Multivesicular bodies
MVs	Microvesicles
MSCs	Mesenchymal stromal cells
NGF	Nerve growth factor
NGFR	NGF receptor
NK	Natural Killer
PBMCs	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PD-1	Death protein 1
PDAC	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
PD-L1	Programmed death-ligand 1
PDOs	Patient-derived organoids
pHEMA	Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
PMN	Pre-metastatic niches
SNARE	SNAP receptor
SNAP	Soluble NSF [N-ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor] attachment protein
TAM	Tumor-associated macrophages
TEM	Transmission Electron Microscopy
TME	Tumor microenvironment
TMZ	Temozolomide
TNBC	Triple-negative breast cancer
T-reg	Regulatory T cells
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
WJ-MSCs	Wharton’s Jelly-derived MSCs