Table 11.

Comparative logistic model performance based on vascularity pattern.

Feature	Model 1: Full Dataset (Malignant + Benign + Gray Zone)	Model 2: Only Malignant vs. Benign
AUC (ROC Curve)	0.71	0.76
Central Vascularity (p)	0.029	0.011
Mixed Vascularity (p)	0.092	0.047
Peripheral Vascularity (p)	0.169	0.147
Interpretation	Moderate discrimination; effect diluted by gray zone	Improved discrimination; clearer vascular patterns associated with malignancy