| ASMD | absolute standardized mean difference |
| ATC | Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System |
| BE | non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CCI | Charlson Comorbidity Index |
| CI | confidence interval |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| First-time S. aureus isolation | first-time S. aureus isolation from a lower respiratory tract sample |
| H. influenzae | Haemophilus influenzae |
| HR | hazard ratio |
| ICD-10 | International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision |
| ICS | inhaled corticosteroids |
| IPTW | inverse probability of treatment weighted model |
| IQR | inter-quartile range |
| LABA | long-acting beta agonist |
| M. catarrhalis | Moraxella catarrhalis |
| OCS | oral corticosteroids |
| P. aeruginosa | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| Py | person-year |
| SD | standard deviation |
| S. aureus | Staphylococcus aureus |
| S. pneumoniae | Streptococcus pneumoniae |