ASR	Age-standardized rate
CDK	Cyclin-dependent kinase
EMT	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
OSCC	Oral squamous cell carcinoma
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RNS	Reactive nitrogen species
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
AMPK/mTOR	AMP-activated protein kinase/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin
pRb	Retinoblastoma Protein
MCL	Myeloid Cell Leukemia
Fas	First apoptosis signal receptor
TRAIL	Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand
FADD	Fas-Associated protein with Death Domain
BID	BH3 Interacting-domain death agonist
APAF	Apoptotic Protease Activating Factor
SMAC	Second Mitochondria-derived Activator of Caspases
ACSL	Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Member
PTGS	Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase
DSS	Dextran Sulfate Sodium
VRAP	VEGF Receptor-Associated Protein
ERK	Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal Kinase
uPA	Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator
NSCLC	Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
COLA1	Collagen Type I Alpha 1
α-SMA	Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin
HIF	Hypoxia-Inducible Factor
CTCs	Circulating Tumor Cells
ECM	Extracellular Matrix
TME	Tumor microenvironment
NK	Natural killer
ICD	Immunogenic cell death
DAMP	damage-associated molecular pattern
CAF	Cancer-associated fibroblast
TAM	Tumor-associated macrophage
PFN	Perforin
IFN	Interferon
TNF	Tumor necrosis factor
HO	Heme oxygenase
PAH	Pulmonary arterial hypertension
NPs	Nanoparticles
EPR	Enhanced permeability and retention
GPCR	G-protein coupled receptor
RTK	Receptor tyrosine kinase