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. 2025 Jul 30;25(15):4695. doi: 10.3390/s25154695

Algorithm 2 Sandboxed execution algorithm for smart contracts

Require: Bytecode B, Specification set

S p e c

Ensure: Verification Result

R e s u l t

1:
$E \leftarrow InitializeSandbox ()$
2:
$C \leftarrow DeployContract (B, E)$
3:
$T x L i s t \leftarrow \emptyset$
4:
for all $i n v$ in $S p e c$ do
5:
$t x \leftarrow GenerateTransactionFor (i n v)$
6:
$T x L i s t . add (t x)$
7:
end for
8:
$T r a c e \leftarrow E . execute (T x L i s t)$
9:
$V i o l a t i o n s \leftarrow \emptyset$
10:
for all $i n v$ in $S p e c$ do
11:
if CheckViolation(Trace, inv) then
12:
$V i o l a t i o n s . add (i n v)$
13:
end if
14:
end for
15:
$R e s u l t \leftarrow FormatResult (V i o l a t i o n s)$
16:
return $R e s u l t$