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. 2025 Aug 7;17(15):2163. doi: 10.3390/polym17152163
AChE Acetylcholinesterase
Ag Silver
AgNPs Silver nanoparticles
AMR Antimicrobial resistance
ANOVA Analysis of variance
ATCC American Type Culture Collection
ATR Attenuated total reflectance
Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2
CFU Colony-forming units
CO2 Carbon dioxide
CV Coefficient of variation
D[3,2] Surface-weighted mean diameter
D[4,3] Volume-weighted mean diameter
d50 Median particle diameter
DLS Dynamic light scattering
DMEM Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium
DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DPPH 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
DSC Differential scanning calorimetry
DTA Differential thermal analysis
DTG Differential thermogravimetry
EDS Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
EDX Energy-dispersive X-ray
EE% Encapsulation efficiency
ESI Electrospray ionization
EY% Encapsulation yield
FBS Fetal bovine serum
FCC Face-centered cubic
FeCl3 Ferric chloride
FEG Field emission gun
FeSO4·7H2O Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate
FRAP Ferric reducing antioxidant power
FTIR Fourier-transform infrared
GAE Gallic acid equivalents
GC Gas chromatography
HCl Hydrochloric acid
HF Heat flow
HSD Honestly significant difference
IC50 Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
ICDD International Centre for Diffraction Data
IO Inonotus obliquus
IZ Inhibition zone
JCPDS Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards
LC% Loading capacity
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MBC Minimum bactericidal concentration
MIC Minimum inhibitory concentration
MIO Maltodextrin—I. obliquus
MS Mass spectrometry
MTT 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
NP Nanoparticle
PDI Polydispersity index
PI3K/Akt Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B
PSD Particle size distribution
QTOF Quadrupole time-of-flight
RI Retention index
ROS Reactive oxygen species
SD Standard deviation
SEM Scanning electron microscopy
TPC Total phenolic content
TPTZ 2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine
tR Retention time
TG Thermogravimetry
TGA Thermogravimetric analysis
UAE Ultrasound-assisted extraction
VOC Volatile organic compound
WPPF Whole powder pattern fitting
XRD X-ray diffraction