Table 3.
Summary of CRC drug categories and targets
| Categories | Targets | Drugs | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacological | FLIP-inhibitor | recombinant human TRAIL, monoclonal antibodies agonistic to DR4 and DR5, and ATRA | [128,129] |
| Agents | PML-RARα protein | Arsenic trioxide | [132] |
| BH3-mimetic | ABT 199, ABT-737, GX 15-070, TW 37 | [131] | |
| HER2 | Enhertu (ADC drug) | [133] | |
| Gene Therapies | P53 | Genedicine | [135] |
| Mutated gene | CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome edition | [137,139] | |
| Combination Therapies | Chemotherapy + BH3-mimetic | Chemotherapy + navitoclax | [140] |
| PDT + ligand TRAIL | Ze-IR 700 + ligand TRAIL | [143] | |
| Immunotherapy + target therapy | PD-1 inhibition + VEGFR2 | [149] |
Abbreviations: ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; ADC, anti-drug conjugates; BH3, homology domain3; CRC, colorectal cancer; CRISPR, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; DR, death receptor; FLIP, FLICE-like inhibitory protein; PML-RARα, promyelocytic leukemia protein-retinoic acid receptor alpha; PDT, photodynamic therapy; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.