Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 15.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2024 Nov 20;16(774):eadl2184. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adl2184

Fig. 5. SUMOylation in human biopsy and vagal regulation of colitis.

Fig. 5.

(A) DEseq normalized counts for Ubc9 expression in human biopsy samples from 29 patients without IBD (NIBD) and 91 patients with CD (p=0.34). Single-cell sequencing data are available under GEO accession GSE164985. (B) Western blots and (C) representative IHC for SUMO1 (red, center column) and SUMO2/3 (green, right column) of colon biopsy from NIBD (top row), and patients with UC (middle row), and CD (bottom row). Merged images are shown in the left column (nuclei are stained blue with DAPI). Data shows representative results of 7 biopsies from 18 human samples analyzed. Brackets in (B) point to the typical high molecular weight smears induced by poly SUMOylation. (D) Western blots, densitometric analyses, and (E) representative IHC for SUMO1 and SUMO2/3 of colon samples from control or 3% DSS mice with sham or vagal stimulation. White scale bar is equivalent to 250 μm. While arrows point to intestinal crypt epithelium. Western blots represent experiments repeated at least twice on different days and graphs show mean ± SEM of fold of induction (FI). *P<0.05 vs Control, #P<0.05 vs DSS (n=5/group, two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test).