Table 2.
Crude and adjusted analyses of muscle CSA and PDFF between the two groups
| LDH (n = 85), mean ± SD | Control (n = 48), mean ± SD | d |
p Crude |
p Adjusted |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSA (cm²) | |||||
| MFL3/4 | 641.8 ± 153.5 | 591.5 ± 123.9 | 0.36 | 0.054 | 0.785 |
| MFL4/5 | 970.3 ± 184.5 | 930.5 ± 188.7 | 0.21 | 0.238 | 0.500 |
| ESL3/4 | 1901.1 ± 497.9 | 1744.5 ± 562.8 | 0.29 | 0.099 | 0.759 |
| ESL4/5 | 1358.8 ± 348.7 | 1295.5 ± 345.4 | 0.18 | 0.315 | 0.991 |
| PML3/4 | 1042.0 ± 371.7 | 954.3 ± 351.4 | 0.24 | 0.185 | 0.875 |
| PML4/5 | 1304.0 ± 399.4 | 1212.8 ± 384.6 | 0.23 | 0.202 | 0.993 |
| GM | 1531.1 ± 501.4 | 1360.9 ± 630.9 | 0.30 | 0.090 | 0.954 |
| PDFF (%) | |||||
| MFL3/4 | 14.5 ± 5.7 | 12.5 ± 5.0 | 0.37 | 0.047 | 0.223 |
| MFL4/5 | 16.2 ± 5.5 | 13.6 ± 4.7 | 0.51 | 0.005 | 0.028 |
| ESL3/4 | 11.6 ± 4.6 | 8.9 ± 4.3 | 0.61 | 0.001 | 0.123 |
| ESL4/5 | 19.4 ± 7.8 | 14.5 ± 7.0 | 0.66 | < 0.001 | 0.031 |
| PML3/4 | 9.5 ± 2.9 | 7.0 ± 2.9 | 0.86 | < 0.001 | 0.011 |
| PML4/5 | 10.5 ± 3.3 | 7.8 ± 3.3 | 0.82 | < 0.001 | 0.038 |
| GM | 15.0 ± 5.5 | 11.3 ± 4.5 | 0.74 | < 0.001 | 0.080 |
Values were calculated as the average of the parameters from both sides of the muscles
Bold values indicate p < 0.05
CSA cross-sectional area, PDFF proton density fat fraction, LDH lumbar disc herniation, SD standard deviation, MF multifidus, ES erector spinae, PM psoas major, GM gluteus medius