Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the participants with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.
| Variable | Waiting-list group | Intervention group | |||
| Age (years), mean (SD; range) | 45.4 (14.3; 19-75)a | 51.7 (14.9; 20-80)b | |||
| Sex, n/n (%) | |||||
|
|
Female | 35/74 (47) | 35/82 (43) | ||
|
|
Male | 39/74 (53) | 47/82 (57) | ||
| Developmental age range, n/n (%) | |||||
|
|
0-6 months | 17/70 (24) | 26/66 (39) | ||
|
|
6-12 months | 30/70 (43) | 19/66 (29) | ||
|
|
12-18 months | 4/70 (6) | 11/66 (17) | ||
|
|
18-24 months | 4/70 (6) | 1/66 (2) | ||
|
|
2-4 years | 5/70 (7) | 1/66 (2) | ||
|
|
4-8 years | 2/70 (3) | 1/66 (2) | ||
|
|
Unable to assess | 8/70 (11) | 7/66 (11) | ||
| Mobility classc, n/n (%) | |||||
|
|
A | 1/63 (2) | 10/76 (13) | ||
|
|
B | 6/63 (10) | 18/76 (24) | ||
|
|
C | 5/63 (8) | 7/76 (9) | ||
|
|
D | 33/63 (52) | 33/76 (43) | ||
|
|
E | 18/63 (29) | 8/76 (11) | ||
| Comorbidities, n/n (%) | |||||
|
|
Epilepsy | 46/74 (62) | 42/81 (52) | ||
|
|
Swallowing problems | 40/74 (54) | 32/81 (40) | ||
|
|
Urine tract infections | 16/74 (22) | 11/81 (14) | ||
|
|
Incontinence-associated dermatitis | 18/74 (24) | 9/81 (11) | ||
|
|
Skin problems | 35/74 (47) | 35/81 (43) | ||
| Dutch care profiled n/n (%) | |||||
|
|
5VG | 11/71 (16) | 21/80 (26) | ||
|
|
7LG | 12/71 (17) | 11/80 (14) | ||
|
|
8VG | 45/71 (63) | 41/80 (51) | ||
|
|
Other | 3/71 (4) | 7/80 (9) | ||
an=74.
bn=82.
cMobility classes [31] were defined as follows: class A—the client can perform the task independently, with or without aids or special adaptations; class B—the client cannot perform the task independently, but the required assistance does not pose a risk of physical strain for the caregiver; class C—the client requires assistance, and the caregiver must physically support the transfer to ensure safety; class D—the client cannot perform the task independently and requires a mechanical aid, such as a patient hoist; and class E—the client is entirely dependent on the caregiver for transfers and cannot play an active role.
dThe Center for Indication of Care Needs (CIZ, Centrum Indicatiestelling Zorg) assigned these profiles to individual clients to ensure appropriate care. These 3 care profiles were indicated to be the most likely for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities [32]. 5VG (intellectual disability): this profile was designed for individuals who required intensive guidance and care. It is suitable for people with intellectual disabilities who need substantial support in their daily lives. 7LG (physical disability): this profile involves living in an open or closed setting with very intensive guidance, care, and behavior regulation. It was designed for individuals with mild intellectual disabilities and complex care needs. 8VG (intellectual disability): this profile was for people who require full care, including nursing and support. It was designed for individuals with intellectual disabilities who need intensive nursing and care.