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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 16.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2022 Aug 23;63(5):669–680. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.06.013

Table 3.

Adjusted Results of Interaction Model on E-Cigarette Use Status by Sexual Orientation and Race, Stratified by Sex

Variables Boys
Girls
Experiment
Current
Experiment
Current
aRRR (95% CI) p-value aRRR (95% CI) p-value aRRR (95% CI) p-value aRRR (95% CI) p-value

Sexual orientation
 Heterosexual ref ref ref ref
 Gay or lesbian 1.08 (0.60, 1.92) 0.799 0.70 (0.32, 1.53) 0.369 0.68 (0.41, 1.13) 0.139 0.48 (0.24, 0.94) 0.032
 Bisexual 0.92 (0.58, 1.48) 0.743 0.41 (0.22, 0.77) 0.005 1.21 (0.93, 1.57) 0.164 0.80 (0.57, 1.11) 0.185
 Unsure 0.73 (0.43, 1.26) 0.256 0.51 (0.24, 1.08) 0.079 0.77 (0.51, 1.17) 0.223 0.54 (0.36, 0.81) 0.003
Race
 White only ref ref ref ref
 Black only 1.14 (0.89, 1.47) 0.305 0.57 (0.41, 0.80) 0.001 0.76 (0.57, 1.02) 0.071 0.37 (0.27, 0.53) <0.001
 Others 1.15 (0.90, 1.48) 0.265 0.91 (0.71, 1.16) 0.439 0.96 (0.78, 1.17) 0.666 0.70 (0.53, 0.92) 0.011
Sexual orientationa race
 Heterosexuala White only ref ref ref ref
 Gay/lesbian X Black 1.42 (0.45, 4.46) 0.542 0.84 (0.08, 8.75) 0.886 2.39 (0.98, 5.85) 0.055 6.99 (2.21, 22.14) 0.001
 Gay/lesbian X others 1.61 (0.47, 5.59) 0.447 0.98 (0.22, 4.40) 0.981 1.79 (0.57, 5.62) 0.313 3.60 (1.06, 12.26) 0.041
 Bisexual X Black 0.68 (0.23, 2.04) 0.492 2.06 (0.16, 26.66) 0.578 0.97 (0.50, 1.89) 0.924 1.30 (0.66, 2.53) 0.446
 Bisexual X others 0.91 (0.33, 2.55) 0.861 1.90 (0.61, 5.87) 0.264 0.81 (0.48, 1.38) 0.438 0.89 (0.40, 2.00) 0.782
 Unsure X Black 0.36 (0.04, 3.02) 0.345 0.10 (0.01, 1.39) 0.086 2.69 (0.91, 7.90) 0.072 2.98 (0.97, 9.09) 0.055
 Unsure X others 0.31 (0.07, 1.33) 0.144 0.28 (0.10, 0.76) 0.013 0.80 (0.39, 1.66) 0.552 1.28 (0.50, 3.30) 0.609
Survey year
 2015 ref ref ref ref
 2017 1.04 (0.81, 1.35) 0.734 0.56 (0.37, 0.85) 0.008 0.88 (0.70, 1.09) 0.237 0.28 (0.20, 0.38) <0.001
 2019 1.12 (0.88, 1.43) 0.355 2.97 (2.13, 4.13) <0.001 1.04 (0.83, 1.32) 0.710 3.07 (2.32, 4.06) <0.001
Age, years
 12–15 ref ref ref ref
 16–18 or older 1.31 (1.12, 1.53) 0.001 1.35 (1.14, 1.59) 0.001 1.49 (1.30, 1.70) <0.001 1.25 (1.03, 1.51) 0.023
Hispanic
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 1.28 (1.08, 1.53) 0.006 0.92 (0.76, 1.13) 0.434 1.24 (1.01, 1.52) 0.037 0.91 (0.69, 1.20) 0.507
Past 12-month externalizing
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 1.19 (0.96, 1.48) 0.107 1.63 (1.38, 1.93) <0.001 1.18 (0.96, 1.45) 0.106 1.43 (1.16, 1.77) 0.001
Past 12-month internalizing
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 1.20 (1.00, 1.45) 0.051 1.08 (0.90, 1.29) 0.394 1.46 (1.28, 1.67) <0.001 1.78 (1.48, 2.13) <0.001
Past 12-month any bully
 None ref ref ref ref
 Any 0.87 (0.70, 1.09) 0.233 1.12 (0.90, 1.39) 0.316 1.08 (0.93, 1.27) 0.315 1.30 (1.07, 1.58) 0.008
Current cigarette
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 1.89 (1.25, 2.86) 0.003 3.55 (2.23, 5.66) <0.001 1.97 (1.33, 2.94) 0.001 5.88 (3.97, 8.72) <0.001
Current other tobacco
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 3.20 (2.26, 4.53) <0.001 7.55 (5.19, 10.99) <0.001 1.93 (1.11, 3.35) 0.021 2.83 (1.60, 4.99) <0.001
Current alcohol
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 2.10 (1.73, 2.54) <0.001 4.75 (3.67, 6.16) <0.001 2.29 (1.94, 2.71) <0.001 7.34 (6.27, 8.59) <0.001
Current cannabis
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 3.14 (2.38, 4.15) <0.001 8.34 (6.06, 11.49) <0.001 3.43 (2.73, 4.30) <0.001 7.84 (5.88, 10.44) <0.001
Ever any illicit drug
 No ref ref ref ref
 Yes 2.12 (1.70, 2.64) <0.001 2.01 (1.58, 2.55) <0.001 1.95 (1.61, 2.37) <0.001 1.94 (1.56, 2.40) <0.001

Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05).

Main effects and interaction effects are simultaneously tested in each model.

a

Main effects and interaction effects are simultaneously tested in each model.

aRRR, adjusted RRR.