Table 3.

Results of different probiotics in clinical trial for UC.

Probiotics	Placebo or other drugs	Number of people or experimental animals	Results	References
ECN-pE	/	49 patients	After ECN-pE treatment, the FC values of patients significantly decreased, especially in UC patients, and the reduction was associated with the maintenance of clinical remission.	(153)
Lp082	DSS, SASP	Mouse	Lp082 has therapeutic effects on mouse colitis through various pathways.	(154)
L. fermentum GLF-217 and L. plantarum FLP-215	DSS	Mouse	The two strains can prevent DSS-induced colitis through various mechanisms.	(155)
Bifid triple viable capsule (B. longum, L. acidophilus and E. faecalis)	Mesalazine	40 patients	The combination of probiotics and mesalazine can improve the composition of the microbiota in IBD patients and reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines.	(156)
	Mesalazine, somatostatin	130 patients	The supplementation of Bifidobacterium triple live bacteria capsules can enhance the efficacy against UC.	(157)
	Mesalazine	180 patients	Mesalazine combined with a Bifidobacterium triple therapy can enhance the efficacy of UC.	(158)
S. boulardii	DSS	Mouse	Heat-inactivated S. boulardii alleviates DSS-induced UC in mice.	(160, 161)