Table 2.

Quotes illustrating key themes emerging from analysis

Key theme	Illustrative Quote(s)
Shift away from pilots towards developed, tested solutions (e.g., lines 300–304)	“(Integrated care needs) …. Working in partners in system who are invested in sustainable integrated care, not just a pilot…” – KII, Academic
	“(Integrated care can add value by focusing on) …Successful models that have shown promise…” – Focus group, Healthcare provider
	“How can we stop pilot paralysis? Funding implementation?…”—Workshop. Academic
Knowing what to do but not know how to do it (e.g., lines 310–311)	“…To provide effective support to leaders and managers to create sustainable integrated care programs, we need to understand how to effectively integrate programs.” – KII, Academic
	“… if we don’t know how to implement them we don’t know how to show value…” – KII, Academic
	“…Implementation science in integrated care is weak so implementation is a particular issue. Need to understand why certain programs have been successful (is it the culture? Formulation of team? How it was led?). There are many technical components, but a lot of success is because of relationships (mutual gain)…” – KII, Academic
Community-based and led solutions (e.g., line 316–317)	“Community is the anchor of the iceberg …(we need) research to push through incorrect assumptions.. what actually works in community context and how we can support and nourish community as the home for integrated care. locally grounded equity lens…” – KII, Academic/Healthcare Provider
	“Has to be community based, chronic disease is individual based but transformational effect is different …for example, rural areas, indigenous communities… they would gain the most from integrated care but fall through” – KII, Academic
	“If the focus is on rapid translation of evidence, partners have to involve the communities you serve” –KII, Academic
	“Give reins to community to take some responsibility too – community can help orient the providers; invite them to community events; give understanding of social context and cultural context in which they’re practicing” – KII, Healthcare Provider
	“Community engagement and community development. Must be done with Canadians, not for Canadians….” – Focus Group, Healthcare Provider
The importance of patient-oriented research and co-design (e.g., line 316–317)	“…. missing links in Canadian health system is patient-led research. Pay attention to patient led research. Flip the classroom, for patients to lead research question.” – Focus group, Patient
	“I also think patient-oriented research is critical for the area of integrated care. When we worry about integration at the level of professionals or systems, the benefits of those initiatives do not necessarily trickle down to result in better experiences or outcomes for patients.” – Workshop, Academic
	“Co-design is very important in evaluation & impact, but must let them take the ownership of the implementation & evaluation.. they choose the measures that are important, rather than dictating what should be measured … helping them evaluate what they want evaluate … letting them fail… but there’s learning in failure too” – KII, Academic
Shared leadership model (e.g., lines 360–363)	“The ground has shifted –…Within our network structure, everything we do has shared leadership e.g. medical lead, the shared leadership model” KII, Decision-maker
	“Meaningful engagement can only happen with the right people at the table. Nice to have articulate people that can speak our language, but I believe that we will get richer information from the everyday people that struggle with healthcare, social care, isolation, homelessness etc.…’ Workshop, Decision-maker
	“We need: shared purpose/vision, strong leadership, information sharing, fidelity, evaluation…To do this, we need regional supports and policy makers to make the space” – KII, Academic
	“What can we learn from other jurisdictions about the funding models that would incent the ideal focus on integration to achieve outcomes over a longer time horizon?” – Workshop, Decision-maker