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Effects of the concentration of bacteria on IL-6 production by SIEC. In vitro effects of viable or heat-inactivated L. casei CRL 431 (L.c.), L. helveticus R389 (L.h.), and E. coli (E.c.) at different concentrations, 108 (left hatched bars), 107 (striped bars), or 106 (right hatched bars) cells/ml, on the production of IL-6 by SIEC. LPS was used as a positive control (0.1 μg/ml). *, significantly different from control (P < 0.05). The error bars indicate standard deviations.
