3. Exposure Parameters and Formulas Used in Previous Literature.

Exposure pathways	Formula No.	Formulas	Exposure parameters	Reference
Inhalation	a	$\mathrm{ADD}=\frac{C_{\mathrm{g}+\mathrm{p}}\times \mathrm{IR}\times \mathrm{EF}\times \mathrm{ED}\times F_{\mathrm{uptaken}}}{\mathrm{BW}\times \mathrm{AT}}$	ADD, average daily dose; C g+p, concentration of VMS in gaseous and aerosolized states (μg/m3); IR, inhalation rate (m3/day); EF, exposure frequency (days); ED, exposure duration (years), F uptaken, uptake fraction; BW, body weight (kg); AT, average time (day).
	b	$E=C\times {\mathrm{IR}}_{\mathrm{air}}\times \mathrm{AT}\times F_{\mathrm{uptaken}}$	E, exposure; C, concentration in air (μg/m3); IRair, inhalation rate for adults (1.2 m3/h); AT, average time for 8 h per day spent in this industrial area (h); F uptaken, uptake fraction.
	c	$\mathrm{DED}=\frac{C\times \mathrm{IR}\times \mathrm{ED}}{\mathrm{BW}}$	DED, daily exposure dose; C, concentration in air (μg/m3); IR, inhalation rate (m3/day); ED, exposure duration (years); BW, body weight (kg).
	d	$E=\frac{F_{\mathrm{uptaken}}\times (C_{\mathrm{air}}\times V_{\mathrm{air}}+C_{{\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}}\times Q_{{\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}})}{\mathrm{BW}}$	E, exposure; Fuptaken, uptake fraction; Cair, concentration in air (μg/m3); V air , volume of inhalation (m3/day); C PM2.5, concentration in PM2.5(μg/g); Q PM2.5, PM2.5 inhalation rate (g/d); BW, body weight (kg).
	e	${\mathrm{Inh}}_{\exp }=\frac{\frac{C_{\mathrm{air}}}{V_{\mathrm{room}}}\times \mathrm{IR}\times \mathrm{ED}}{\mathrm{BW}}$	Inhexp, the daily inhalation exposure per capita; C air, concentration in air (μg/m3); V room, indoor air volume (m3); IR, inhalation rate (20 m3/day for adults and 5 m3/day for children); ED, exposure duration (day); BW, average body weight (kg).
Oral ingestion	f	$\mathrm{EDI}=\frac{\mathit{C}\times \mathrm{ED}\times \mathrm{IR}\times \mathrm{EF}}{\mathrm{BW}\times \mathrm{AT}}$	EDI, estimated daily intakes; C, concentration in dust (ng/g); ED, exposure duration (years); IR, dust ingestion rate (20 and 50 mg/day for adults and children with a normal exposure case, 50 and 200 mg/day for adults and children with a high exposure case); EF, exposure frequency (day/year); BW, average body weight (kg); AT, average time (day).
	g	$\mathrm{ADD}=\frac{C\times \mathrm{ED}\times \mathrm{EF}\times {\mathrm{F}}_{\mathrm{ing}}\times Q}{\mathrm{BW}\times \mathrm{AT}}$	ADD, average daily dose; C, concentrations of VMS (μg/g); ED, exposure duration (years); EF, exposure frequency (days); F ing, uptake fraction of the compound; Q, dust ingestion rate (g/day); BW, body weight (kg); AT, average time (day).
	h	$\mathrm{EDI}=\frac{C\times R\times P_{\mathrm{time}}}{\mathrm{BW}}$	EDI, estimated daily intakes; C, concentration of VMS (ng/g); R, daily dust intake rate (g/d); P time, percentage of the time that people spent in measured regions; BW, average body weight (kg).
	i	$\mathrm{EDI}=\frac{C\times R\times \mathrm{IEF}}{\mathrm{BW}}$	EDI, estimated daily intakes; C, concentration of VMS (ng/g); R, daily dust intake rate (g/d); IEF, indoor exposure fraction (h/day); BW, average body weight (kg).
	j	$E=\frac{C_{\mathrm{dust}}\times Q_{\mathrm{dust}}}{\mathrm{BW}}$	E, exposure via ingestion; Cdust, concentration of VMS in indoor dust (μg/g); Q dust, dust ingestion rate (g/day).
	k	$\mathrm{EDI}=\frac{C\times W\times \mathrm{BIO}}{\mathrm{BW}}$	EDI, estimated daily intakes; C, concentration of VMS (ng/g); W, daily intake rate (g/d); BIO, bioavailability, 1; BW, average body weight (kg).
	l	$E=\frac{C\times W\times \mathrm{BIO}\times \mathrm{MF}}{\mathrm{BW}}$	E, mouthing exposure; C, concentration of VMS in children’s products (μg/g); W, weight of the entire product; Bio, bioavailability, 1; MF, VMS in the product that can migrate to saliva; BW, body weight (kg).
Dermal exposure	m	$\mathrm{DED}=\frac{C\times \mathrm{ABS}\times \mathrm{AF}\times \mathrm{SA}\times \mathrm{EF}}{\mathrm{BW}\times \mathrm{CF}}$	DED, dermal exposure dose; C, concentration of VMS (μg/g); ABS, dermal adsorption fraction; AF, skin adherence factor (mg/cm2); SA, exposed surface area of skin (cm2/day); EF, exposure frequency (day/year); BW, average body weight (kg); CF, conversion factor (106 mg/kg).
	n	$\mathrm{EDI}=\frac{C\times \mathrm{ABS}\times \mathrm{AF}\times \mathrm{SA}\times \mathrm{EF}\times \mathrm{ED}}{\mathrm{BW}\times \mathrm{AT}}$	EDI, estimated daily intakes; C, concentration of VMS (μg/g); ABS, dermal adsorption fraction (0.03); AF, skin adherence factor (0.07 and 0.2 mg/cm2 for adults and children); SA, exposed surface area of skin (5700 and 2700 cm2 for adults and children, respectively); EF, exposure frequency (day/year); ED, exposure duration (years); BW, average body weight (kg); AT, average time (day).
	o	$\mathrm{ADD}=\sum \frac{C_{\mathrm{PCPs}\text{\_}i}\times \mathrm{EF}\times \mathrm{ED}\times F_{\mathrm{der}}\times A_i\times F_{\mathrm{qi}}\times R_i}{\mathrm{BW}\times \mathrm{AT}}$	ADD, average daily dose; i, type of PCPs; C PCPs, concentrations PCPs (μg/g); EF, exposure frequency (days); ED, exposure duration (years); F der, fraction of the product that may be retained on the skin surface; A, amount of product used per application (g/event); F q , frequency of application (events/day); R, retention factor; BW, body weight (kg); AT, average time (day).