Table 4.
Main characteristics of postmenopausal women broken down by median value of evening energy intake
| Evening energy intake | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | Postmenopausal women under the median (N = 50) | Postmenopausal women above the median (N = 50) | p-value |
| Age (years) | 57.2 ± 7.0 | 57.2 ± 7.7 | 0.987 |
| Smoking (n, %) | 5 (10.0) | 18 (36.0) | 0.002 |
| Physical activity (n, %) | 10 (20.0) | 9 (18.0) | 0.519 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 36.0 ± 7.9 | 35.9 ± 6.7 | 0.930 |
| Age at menarche (years) | 11.6 ± 1.5 | 11.7 ± 1.7 | 0.871 |
| Age at menopause (years) | 48.5 ± 5.2 | 49.0 ± 4.8 | 0.600 |
| Weight before menopause (kg) | 80.5 ± 21.0 | 83.1 ± 17.1 | 0.482 |
| Weight gain after menopause (kg) | 11.2 ± 17.3 | 10.9 ± 12.5 | 0.931 |
| Menopause type | |||
| Natural (n, %) | 43 (86.0) | 44 (88.0) | 0.403 |
| Induced (n, %) | 7 (14.0) | 6 (12.0) | |
| Diseases | |||
| Type 2 diabetes (n, %) | 9 (18.0) | 4 (8.0) | 0.125 |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 21 (42.0) | 22 (44.0) | 0.467 |
| Dyslipidemia (n, %) | 21 (42.0) | 23 (46.0) | 0.388 |
A p-value in bold type denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05). Data are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%). “Morning intake” includes breakfast to lunch; “evening intake” includes afternoon snack to evening snack. Classification based on median lipid and energy intake in each time window
BMI, body mass index