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. 2025 Aug 19;13:e68638. doi: 10.2196/68638

Table 2. The results of the logistic regression analyses on smoking cessation success ratios.


Nicotine gums–only group

App and nicotine gums group
Participants, n 191 260
Prevalent cases, n (%) 74 (38.7) 154 (59.2)
Model 1,a,b ORc (95% CI) 1.00 (reference) 2.40 (2.02‐2.85)
Model 2,a,d OR (95% CI) 1.00 (reference) 2.41 (2.00‐2.90)
Model 3,a,e OR (95% CI) 1.00 (reference) 2.41 (2.07‐2.81)
a

In all models, companies were incorporated as clusters.

b

Adjusted for age (in years, continuous) and sex (male or female).

c

OR: odds ratio.

d

Adjusted for age (in years, continuous), sex (male or female), duration of smoking (0‐4, 5‐9, 10‐19, 20‐29, or 30 years or more), and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (1‐9, 10‐19, or 20 cigarettes or more).

e

Adjusted for age (in years, continuous), sex (male or female), duration of smoking (0‐4, 5‐9, 10‐19, 20‐29, or 30 years or more), the number of cigarettes smoked per day (1‐9, 10‐19, or 20 cigarettes or more), purpose of smoking cessation (my health, saving for money, family’s health, none, or others), and motivation of smoking cessation (continues).