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. 2025 Aug 6;38:14424. doi: 10.3389/ti.2025.14424

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Copyright © 2025 López del Moral, San Segundo, Ortega, Martínez-Belotto, Valero, Belmar, Valentín, Rodrigo, López-Hoyos and Ruiz.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Kaplan-Meier survival curve of graft survival by DSA categories, with time post-transplant on the x-axis and allograft survival on the y-axis. Three lines represent No DSA (blue), Early-DSA (red), and Late-DSA (yellow), with a significant difference noted (Log Rank p=0.001). A table below shows the number at risk for each category over four years. — Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of death-censored graft failure for DSA categories. Patients with early-DSA and late-DSA were associated with lower allograft survival compared to patients without DSA (log rank p = 0.001). Graft survival at 3 years posttransplant was 94.7% (± 1.4%) in no-DSA patients, 92.1% (5.5%) in patients with early-DSA in the first month and 89.2% (± 7.2%) in patients with late-DSA.