Table 1.
Clinical and pathological data
| Non-injection group n = 66 | Pre-neoadjuvant injection group n = 22 | Preoperative injection group n = 21 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gende, n(%) | 0.563* | |||
| Male | 43 (65.2%) | 16 (72.7%) | 12 (57.1%) | |
| Female | 23 (34.8%) | 6 (27.3%) | 9 (42.9%) | |
| Age (year),M(IQR) | 61.5 (16) | 62.0 (20) | 58.0 (15) | 0.578** |
| BMI(kg/m2),M(IQR) | 23.10 (3.20) | 22.73 (6.23) | 23.44 (4.14) | 0.791** |
| Comorbidity, n(%) | 0.755* | |||
| Yes | 23 (34.8%) | 9 (40.9%) | 9 (42.9%) | |
| No | 43 (65.2%) | 13 (59.1%) | 12 (57.1%) | |
| Pre-treatment cT stage, n(%) | 0.255*** | |||
| T2 | 1 (1.5%) | 1 (4.5%) | 1 (4.8%) | |
| T3 | 50 (75.8%) | 12 (54.5%) | 15 (71.4%) | |
| T4 | 15 (22.7%) | 9 (40.9%) | 5 (23.8%) | |
| Pre-treatment cN stage, n(%) | 0.108*** | |||
| N0 | 1 (1.5%) | 1 (4.5%) | 3 (14.3%) | |
| N1 | 25 (37.9%) | 4 (18.2%) | 7 (33.3%) | |
| N2 | 40 (60.6%) | 17 (77.3%) | 11 (52.4%) | |
| Tumor distance from anal verge (cm),M(IQR) | 5.0 (4.0) | 4.0 (4.0) | 5.0 (3.5) | 0.533** |
| Surgical approach,n(%) | 0.075*** | |||
| Laparotomy, | 2 (3.0%) | 0 (0) | 3 (14.3%) | |
| Laparoscopy | 64 (97.0%) | 22 (100%) | 18 (85.7%) | |
| Surgical procedure, n(%) | 0.741*** | |||
| Dixon | 7 (10.6%) | 0 (0) | 1 (4.8%) | |
| Dixon + colostomy | 44 (66.7%) | 16 (72.7%) | 14 (66.7%) | |
| Harrtmann | 1 (1.5%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Miles | 14 (21.2%) | 6 (27.3%) | 6 (28.6%) | |
| inferior mesenteric artery ligation level, n(%) | 0.547* | |||
| high | 32 (48.5%) | 13 (59.1%) | 9 (42.9%) | |
| low | 34 (51.5%) | 9 (40.9%) | 12 (57.1%) | |
| ASA classification, n(%) | 0.551*** | |||
| II | 55 (83.3%) | 20 (90.9%) | 19 (90.5%) | |
| III | 11 (16.7%) | 2 (9.1%) | 2 (9.5%) | |
*χ2 test
** Kruskal–Wallis test
*** Fisher's exact test