Table 2.

Summary of findings of all included quantitative studies

First author, year	Sample size	Age (M)	AGE (SD)	%Male	Age at first abuse (M)	Results summation	Note
McLaughlin, 1994	26	58% aged between 40 and 49	N/A	48	Mostly children	65% reported therapy as a peace space; 27% mistrust of church/clergy and feeling of isolation; 58% did not attend church services; 14% changed religious affiliation; and 32% did not involve with any church after abuse	Retrospective scoring; all participants from the compared group (n = 8) were abused during adults
Shea, 2008	29	50.9	10.7	100.0	69% aged between 10 and 13	Mean of SCSORT = 21.31 (low faith), LHS = 46.8 (out of 80; no cutoff recommended), BDI = 20.8 (moderate depression), and PCL-S = 54.3 (possible PTSD), none reached statistical significance compared to controls; significantly lower scores of perceptions of and belief in church	Four of 29 abused by a religious brother; compared group (n = 20) were significantly younger with mean age of 43.3 years
Lueger-Schuster, 2014a	448 & 185	55.1 & 56.3	10.5 & 9.5	75.7 & 76.1	N/A & 10.0	48.6% screened positive for PTSD; 84.8% scored positive for at least one clinically psychopathological symptom	53.1% perpetrators were diocese priests or male monastics; PTSD screened in 185 participants
Lueger-Schuster, 2014a	185	56.3	9.5	76.1	10.0	15.1% no PTSD symptom & 56.8% high PTSD symptoms; Mean of CISS = 32.3 (out of 96), DLE = 30.2 (out of 60), CD-RSIC = 23.2 (out of 40), and RPSSQ = 13.7 (out of 40), cutoff of all measures was not provided	Focus on coping, loss experience, social supports, and resilience; three groups categorized by levels of PTSD symptoms
Spröber et al., 2014	404	54.9	13.0	69.8	N/A	80.2% reported at least one mental health disorder; diagnosis 45.0% depression, 17.4% PTSD, 14.7% anxiety; Psychosocial issues 21.6% health, 18.8% relationship and partnership, and 16.2% flashbacks/intrusion/nightmare	85.9% by male offenders 8.5% by female, and 5.6% by both; none reached statistical significance compared to other two groups
Dreßing et al., 2019	3677	42.6	11.3	62.8%	51.6% aged  ≤ 13 years	17.0% received psychiatric treatment; social function problems 53.1% relationship, 43.0% sex life, 34.2% career, 32.5% social participation; health consequences 42.4% fears, 42.3% depression, 28.7% distrust, 9.3% suicide attempt, 4.9% self-harm; and 3.9% left the church	No valid clinical diagnosis and improper methodology of investigating outcomes; health consequences were stated in 1028 participants
Pereda & Segura, 2021	38	51.1	11.7	65.8%	11.8	Extreme or considerable impact on belief in church (68.5%) and in God (44.8%); 44.7% little or no impact on faith in God; and 7.9% moderate impact on belief in both	Self-reported from participants; 7.9% reported country of birth as not Spain
Pereda et al., 2022	40	48.5	11.8	72.5%	N/A	Impact on Beliefs in God 42.5% none or little, 45.0% considerable too extreme, reached statistical significance; 82.5% either mental or social problems (not significant)	Country of birth 67.5% Spain, 25.0% Chile, and 7.5% others

SCSORT Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Scale, LHS Learned Helplessness Scale, BDI Beck Depression Inventory, PCL-S – Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Specific, PTSD Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, CISS Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, DLE Disclosure of Loss Experience, CD-RSIC 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, RPSSQ Recalled Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, ^a study on adult survivors of institutional abuse in settings connected to the Catholic Church, not clearly stated as by Catholic clergy; ^b study on abuse in Catholic contexts, not clearly stated as by Catholic Clergy