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. 2025 Aug 19;5(1):127. doi: 10.1007/s44192-025-00269-4

Table 3.

Mann–Whitney U test of significant mean difference of Mental Health between the categories of binary explanatory variables

Mann–Whitney U Test
Variables Categories Mean Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum Test statistics P value
School type Private 0.5885 0.15109 0.17 0.88 16,899 0.594
Government 0.5948 0.13159 0.08 1
Gender Girl 0.5766 0.13865 0.08 1 17,337 0.017
Boy 0.6098 0.13551 0.17 1
Religion Hindu 0.5628 0.15697 0.08 0.88 9796 0.106
Muslim 0.5988 0.13327 0.17 1
Early childhood disease No 0.6254 0.12995 0.29 1 15,134 0.00
Yes 0.5668 0.13891 0.08 1
Child’s delivery by caesarean section No 0.6023 0.12813 0.25 1 18,638 0.210
Yes 0.5828 0.14730 0.08 1
Premature birth No 0.6080 0.13097 0.08 1 15,390 0.004
Yes 0.5660 0.14613 0.17 1
Are you currently using any family planning method No 0.5700 0.15863 0.08 0.88 14,237.5 0.271
Yes 0.6007 0.12941 0.25 1
Type of place of resident Rural 0.5882 0.12374 0.17 0.88 18,366.5 0.363
Urban 0.5960 0.14707 0.08 1
Family type Nuclear family 0.5874 0.1446 0.08 1 19,433 0.625
Joint family 0.5991 0.13014 0.17 1
Mother’s poor nutrition during pregnancy No 0.5761 0.13521 0.08 1 17,192 0.013
Yes 0.6111 0.13896 0.17 1
Psychological stress during pregnancy No 0.5795 0.13373 0.08 1 15,066.5 0.011
Yes 0.6196 0.14290 0.25 1
Have taken drug related to calcium during pregnancy No 0.5819 0.13216 0.17 .92 17,343 0.252
Yes 0.5991 0.14104 0.08 1