The cyaAΔ11 mutation induces both the sigma E and Cpx regulons. degP mutant strains that contained (A) a degP-lacZ gene reporter fusion, i.e., TS40 (pldA+; white bar), GL123A (pldA1 cyaAΔ11; light gray bar), TS41 (pldA1; dark gray bar), TS18A (cyaAΔ11; horizontally striped bar), TS15A (cyaA::Tn5; vertically striped bar), and TS16A (cyaA1400::kan; cross-hatched bar); (B) an rdoA-dsbA-lacZ gene reporter fusion, i.e., GL111A (cyaA+; white bar), TS23A (cyaAΔ11; light gray bar), TS23A (cyaA::Tn5; horizontally striped bar), and TS22A (cyaA1400::kan; dark gray bar); or (C) an fkpA-lacZ reporter fusion, i.e., GL112A (cyaA+; white bar), TS33A (cyaAΔ11; light gray bar), TS31A (cyaA::Tn5; horizontally striped bar), and TS32A (cyaA1400::kan; dark gray bar), were grown at 41°C, and the amount of β-galactosidase activity was assayed.