Table 1.

Preoperative Clinical Characteristics of the Entire Sample, Grouped by Surgical Technique

Variables	Total Sample (n = 92)	Periareolar (n = 27)	NAC Flap (n = 20)	Free NAC Graft (n = 45)	P
Age, y					0.200*
Min–Max	18.0–51.0	18.0–39.0	18.0–45.0	18.0–51.0
Med (Q1; Q3)	26.5 (23.0; 31.0)	26.0 (23.0; 28.0)	27.5 (25.8; 33.0)	26.0 (22.0; 33.0)
Mean (SD)	27.7 (6.9)	26.0 (4.5)	29.4 (6.3)	28.0 (8.1)
Valid N	92	27	20	45
BMI (kg/m2)					<0.001 *
Min–Max	17.1–50.5	17.1–32.4	19.5–37.3	20.4–50.5
Med (Q1; Q3)	25.9 (22.4; 31.0)	21.3 (20.1; 23.4)	25.5 (23.3; 27.9)	29.4 (26.3; 33.1)
Mean (SD)	27.0 (6.2)	22.0 (3.0)	26.0 (4.5)	30.5 (6.1)
Valid N	92	27	20	45
BMI categories, (%)					<0.001 †
Underweight	8 (8.7)	6 (22.2)	2 (10.0)	0 (—)
Healthy weight	30 (32.6)	18 (66.7)	6 (30.0)	6 (13.3)
Overweight	29 (31.5)	2 (7.4)	10 (50.0)	17 (37.8)
Obesity	25 (27.2)	1 (3.7)	2 (10.0)	22 (48.9)
Valid N	92	27	20	45
Comorbidities, (%)
SAH	3 (3.3)	1 (3.7)	0 (—)	2 (4.4)	1.000†
DM	2 (2.2)	0 (—)	0 (—)	2 (4.4)	0.710†
Dyslipidemia	3 (3.3)	0 (—)	0 (—)	3 (6.7)	0.310†
Obesity	9 (9.8)	0 (—)	1 (5.0)	8 (17.8)	0.034 †
Anxiety	13 (14.1)	2 (7.4)	2 (10.0)	9 (20.0)	0.363†
Depression	6 (6.5)	1 (3.7)	1 (5.0)	4 (8.9)	0.860†
Hypothyroidism	2 (2.2)	0 (—)	0 (—)	2 (4.4)	0.710†
Asthma	9 (9.8)	2 (7.4)	2 (10.0)	5 (11.1)	0.905†
Others	16 (17.4)	6 (22.2)	1 (5.0)	9 (20.0)	0.252†
Valid N	92	27	20	45
Smoking, (%)	26 (28.6)	8 (29.6)	6 (31.6)	12 (26.7)	0.914†
Valid N	91	27	19	45
Previous breast surgery, (%)					0.548†
No	87 (94.6)	26 (96.3)	20 (100.0)	41 (91.1)
Reduction mammoplasty	3 (3.3)	0 (—)	0 (—)	3 (6.7)
Mastectomy	2 (2.2)	1 (3.7)	0 (—)	1 (2.2)
Valid N	92	27	20	45

Bold values indicate statistical significance.

^*The Kruskal–Wallis test with multiple comparisons by the Dunn test.

^†The Fisher exact test.

BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; SAH, systemic arterial hypertension.