Table 2.
A univariate analysis of latent profiles on loneliness among elderly people in the community [N = 658, case (percent, %)].
| Variable | Group | Class 1 (n = 358) | Class 2 (n = 160) | Class 3 (n = 140) | χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Man | 157(43.9) | 48(30.0) | 42(30.0) | 13.363 | 0.001 |
| Woman | 201(56.1) | 112(70.0) | 98(70.0) | |||
| Age (years) | 60 ~ 69 | 143(39.9) | 60(37.5) | 57(40.7) | 3.936 | 0.415 |
| 70 ~ 79 | 182(50.8) | 87(54.4) | 64(45.7) | |||
| ≥80 | 33(9.3) | 13(8.1) | 19(13.6) | |||
| Marital status | Married | 312(87.2) | 133(83.1) | 89(63.6) | 37.124 | <0.001 |
| Widowed | 46(12.8) | 27(16.9) | 51(36.4) | |||
| Income | <2000 | 34(9.5) | 17(10.6) | 7(5.0) | 14.746 | 0.005 |
| 2000 ~ 4,000 | 195(54.5) | 77(48.1) | 97(69.3) | |||
| >4,000 | 129(36.0) | 66(41.3) | 36(25.7) | |||
| Residential mode | Living alone | 16(4.5) | 12(7.5) | 29(20.7) | 33.929 | <0.001 |
| Non living alone | 342(95.5) | 148(92.5) | 111(79.3) | |||
| Education | Primary and below | 40(11.2) | 23(14.4) | 21(15.0) | 4.747 | 0.577 |
| Middle school | 115(32.1) | 45(28.1) | 48(34.3) | |||
| High school | 84(23.5) | 42(26.2) | 35(25.0) | |||
| College and above | 119(33.2) | 50(31.3) | 36(25.7) | |||
| Chronic disease status | None | 136(38.0) | 44(27.4) | 58(41.4) | 18.435 | 0.001 |
| One | 148(41.3) | 58(36.3) | 43(30.7) | |||
| Two or more | 74(20.7) | 58(36.3) | 39(27.9) | |||
| Smoke | Yes | 77(21.5) | 38(23.8) | 28(20.0) | 0.640 | 0.726 |
| No | 281(78.5) | 122(76.2) | 112(80.0) | |||
| Alcohol | Yes | 115(32.1) | 47(29.4) | 34(24.3) | 89.409 | <0.001 |
| No | 243(67.9) | 113(70.6) | 106(75.7) | |||
| Interests | Yes | 220(61.5) | 85(53.1) | 69(49.3) | 7.262 | 0.026 |
| None | 138(38.5) | 75(46.9) | 71(50.7) | |||
| Exercise | Almost never | 53(14.8) | 30(18.8) | 35(25.0) | 10.608 | 0.031 |
| Occasionally | 264(73.7) | 112(70.0) | 83(59.3) | |||
| Often | 41(11.5) | 18(11.2) | 22(15.7) |