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. 2025 Aug 7;16:1649443. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1649443

Table 2.

Land-use specific comparison of co-occurrence network properties between a dry and a normal year.

CF dry vs. normal year OF dry vs. normal year IM dry vs. normal year EM dry vs. normal year EP dry vs. normal year
Network property Jacc P value Jacc P value Jacc P value Jacc P value Jacc P value
Degree 0.13 <0.001 0.18 <0.001 0.13 <0.001 0.16 <0.001 0.18 0.001
Betweenness centrality 0.23 0.006 0.18 <0.001 0.11 0 0.23 0.006 0.19 <0.001
Closeness centrality 0.25 0.023 0.25 0.023 0.16 <0.001 0.27 0.071 0.29 0.173
Eigenvector centrality 0.10 0 0.23 0.006 0.17 <0.001 0.29 0.173 0.21 0.001
Hub taxa 0 0.012 0.09 0.075 0.00 0.003 0.08 0.039 0 <0.001

Jaccard similarity index (Jacc, Jaccard index of 1 indicates 100% similarity of data sets) was calculated to determine the difference in network properties in land uses [conventional farming (CF), organic farming (OF), intensive meadow (IM), extensive meadow (EM) and extensive pasture (EP)] between a dry and normal year. Statistical significance was determined at p = 0.05 using the NetCoMi package, and significant results are highlighted in bold.