Table 1.

Comprehensive review of the cases of tracheal mass associated with neurological symptoms

Authors/years	Age/sex	Presenting complaints	Associated neurological symptom	Imaging/bronchoscopy findings	Treatment	Histopathology	Outcome
Provided case	41 years/male	Cough, shortness of breath	Syncope	Tracheal mass just proximal to carina and extending to right main bronchus with exophytic component and partially compressing the azygous vein	Right posterolateral thoracotomy; tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis	Schwannoma	Symptoms improved; no recurrence at 6 months
Esch, et al/2021[14]	65 years/female	Cough, hoarseness, dysphagia	Cervical pain, paresthesia and weakness of right arm	Tracheal mass in front of C7/Th1, beginning 5 cm below the vocal folds, with intramucosal growth over 3 cm length and obturating the lumen by 50%	Tracheal segmental resection with end-to-end anastomosis	Microcystic/reticular schwannoma	Symptoms improved; no tumor recurrence
Bots, et al/2019[15]	34 years/male	Shortness of breath, non-productive cough	Syncope	Mass with almost complete resection of distal trachea	Resection of the tumor, distal trachea and left main bronchus	Adenoid cystic carcinoma	Macroscopic recurrence requiring radiotherapy and brachytherapy
Hassan, et al/2015[16]	34 years/female	Shortness of breath, fever	Seizure	Mass at the right lateral wall of the trachea causing significant narrowing of the tracheal lumen	Right posterior lateral thoracotomy and tracheostomy; radiation therapy	Adenoid cystic carcinoma	Symptoms improved; no recurrence at 6 months