Table 2.

Summarized study characteristics comparing changes in maximal voluntary concentric (MVC_CON) and eccentric contraction (MVC_ECC) strength between eccentric and concentric training protocols

Subgroup variable	Category	n studies (outcomesa)	outcomesa (%)
Sex	Only men	9 (24)	34
	Only women	7 (11)	15
	Mixed sample	11 (36)	51
Status	Untrained	5 (23)	32
	Moderately	18 (36)	52
	Trained	1 (6)	8
	Not reported	4 (6)	8
Muscle lower body	All lower body	20 (56)	79
	Knee extensors	17 (37)	66
	Knee flexors	3 (18)	32
	Knee flexors and extensors	1 (1)	2
Muscle upper body	All upper body	7 (15)	21
	Elbow flexors only	3 (6)	40
	Elbow flexors and extensors	2 (2)	13
	Shoulder rotators	1 (6)	40
	Shoulder abductors	1 (1)	7
Isokinetic training to testing velocity (°/s)	Low to highb	8 (10)	14
	High to lowc	7 (10)	14
	The samed	22 (25)	35
	Velocity spectrume	4 (26)	37

^aNumber of comparisons between eccentric-only and concentric-only training results

^bTraining at lower velocity than testing

^cTraining at higher velocity than testing

^dTraining and testing at same isokinetic velocity

^eVelocity spectrum pyramidal ordering concept training