Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 21;15:30819. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16916-3

Table 1.

Clinicopathological characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts.

Characteristic Training(n = 122) Validation(n = 60) P value
Age, mean ± SD, years 39.36 ± 12.31 40.12 ± 11.16 0.689¶
Patients 0.192§
Non-RAIT failure 72 (59.02) 42 (70.00)
RAIT failure 50 (40.98) 18 (30.00)
Gender 0.173§
Male 41 (33.61) 14 (23.33)
Female 81 (66.39) 46 (76.67)
CI 0.428§
Positive 70 (57.38) 30 (50.00)
Negative 52 (42.62) 30 (50.00)
ETE 0.762§
Positive 30 (24.59) 16 (26.67)
Negative 92 (75.41) 44 (73.33)
Diameter, median ± interquartile range, cm [1.50(1.00, 2.50)] [1.50(1.00, 2.50)] 0.765‖
CLN metastasis 0.091§
N0 7 (5.74) 8 (13.33)
NX 115 (94.26) 52 (86.67)
LLN metastasis 0.151§
N0 45 (36.89) 29 (48.33)
NX 77 (63.11) 31 (51.67)
Number of LLN metastasis, median ± interquartile range [3.00(0.00, 7.00)] [1.50(0.00, 6.00)] 0.124‖
I-131 dosage, median ± interquartile range, mCi [150(140.00, 150)] [150(140, 150)] 0.099‖
Time from surgery to RAIT, median ± interquartile range, months [4.00(3.00, 5.00)] [4.00(2.25, 5.75)] 0.652‖
Previous thyroid disease 0.869§
Positive 41 (33.61) 21 (35.00)
Negative 81 (66.39) 39 (65.00)
Multifocality of lesions 0.873§
Positive 75 (61.48) 36 (60.00)
Negative 47 (38.52) 24 (40.00)
Follow-up time, median ± interquartile range, months [14.00(8.75, 23.25)] [11.50(9.00, 20.75)] 0.683‖
Maximum diameter of metastatic LLN, median ± interquartile range, mm [10.50(0.00, 16.00)] [7.00(0.00, 15.00)] 0.081‖
Tg before RAIT, median ± interquartile range, IU/ml [2.80(0.13, 10.82)] [2.67(0.21, 11.04)] 0.983‖
TGAb before RAIT, median ± interquartile range, IU/ml [0.76(0.19, 5.50)] [0.78(0.19, 3.88)] 0.942‖
Tg after RAIT, median ± interquartile range, IU/ml [0.09(0.02, 0.91)] [0.09(0.04, 0.53)] 0.905‖
TGAb after RAIT, median ± interquartile range, IU/ml [0.90(0.29, 2.24)] [0.90(0.29, 5.19)] 0.832‖

Data expressed as n (%), unless otherwise stated.

CLN, central lymph node; CI, capsular invasion; ETE, extrathyroidal extension; LLN, lateral neck lymph node; RAIT, radioactive iodine therapy; TG, thyroglobulin; TGAb, anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. ¶ By the Independent samples t-test. § By the Chi-square test. ‖ By the Mann–Whitney U test.