Table 4.

Statistical study of PD detection with handwriting images using ILN-GNet over traditional methods for dataset 1.

Methods	Mean	Minimum	Median	SD	Maximum
XGBoost	0.824	0.796	0.823	0.024	0.855
LSTM-CNN	0.912	0.883	0.911	0.024	0.944
LinkNet	0.919	0.891	0.916	0.024	0.952
GhostNet	0.829	0.800	0.827	0.025	0.863
GoogleNet	0.870	0.841	0.868	0.025	0.903
AlexNet	0.891	0.861	0.887	0.026	0.927
EfficientNet	0.770	0.742	0.766	0.026	0.806
CNN	0.839	0.810	0.837	0.024	0.871
Ensemble	0.810	0.780	0.806	0.026	0.847
PROP	0.950	0.921	0.947	0.025	0.984