Table 2.

Odds ratio for In-hospital mortality according to heart rate change.

Group	No. of group	No. of mortality	Model 1a			Model 2b			Model 3c			Model 4d
			Odds ratio	p-value	p for trend	Odds ratio	p-value	p for trend	Odds ratio	p-value	p for trend	Odds ratio	p-value	p for trend
high to high	3597	795	reference		< 0.001	reference		0.650	reference		0.291	reference		0.311
high to low	49	10	0.810 (0.380–1.572)	0.557		0.848 (0.395–1.659)	0.649		0.989 (0.455–1.962)	0.9759		0.966 (0.443–1.920)	0.925
low to high	2008	475	1.039 (0.911–1.184)	0.564		1.336 (1.135–1.573)	< 0.001		1.295 (1.093–1.533)	0.003		1.297 (1.094–1.538)	0.003
low to low	7821	1427	0.730 (0.661–0.806)	< 0.001		1.050 (0.886–1.244)	0.574		1.104 (0.927–1.315)	0.268		1.099 (0.921–1.311)	0.296

a: adjusted for age, sex, new onset atrial fibrillation.

b: adjusted for age, sex, new onset atrial fibrillation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, saturation of percutaneous oxygen.

c: adjusted for age, sex, new onset atrial fibrillation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, saturation of percutaneous oxygen, congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, metastatic cancer, intubation, continuous kidney replacement therapy, blood culture positive, heart surgery, aorta surgery, glasgow coma scale.

d: adjusted for age, sex, new onset atrial fibrillation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, saturation of percutaneous oxygen, congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, metastatic cancer, intubation, continuous kidney replacement therapy, blood culture positive, heart surgery, aorta surgery, glasgow coma scale, norepinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine, epinephrine, vasopressin, rhythm control, rate control.