Table 3. Neurological symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes with respect to duration of diabetes.
Categorical variables were presented as frequencies with percentages (n (%)). The Pearson chi-square test was applied to assess associations between variables across the groups. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
| Variable | Duration of Diabetes | ||||||
| Group A, n (%) | Group B, n (%) | Group C, n (%) | Pearson chi-square | p-value | |||
| Peripheral neuropathy symptoms | Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet | Yes | 86 (61.4) | 68 (48.6) | 114 (81.4) | 33.240 | <0.001 |
| No | 54 (38.6) | 72 (51.4) | 26 (18.6) | ||||
| Burning pain in your legs or feet | Yes | 77 (55.0) | 97 (69.3) | 67 (47.9) | 13.630 | 0.001 | |
| No | 63 (45.0) | 43 (30.7) | 73 (52.1) | ||||
| Too sensitive feet on touch | Yes | 38 (27.1) | 51 (36.4) | 29 (20.7) | 8.651 | 0.013 | |
| No | 102 (72.9) | 89 (63.6) | 111 (79.3) | ||||
| Muscular pain or cramps in legs or feet | Yes | 117 (83.6) | 134 (95.7) | 133 (95.0) | 16.589 | <0.001 | |
| No | 23 (16.4) | 6 (4.3) | 7 (5.0) | ||||
| Symptoms worse at night | Yes | 79 (56.4) | 76 (54.3) | 45 (32.1) | 20.294 | <0.001 | |
| No | 61 (43.6) | 64 (45.7) | 95 (67.9) | ||||
| Autonomic neuropathy symptoms | Loss of appetite | Yes | 89 (63.6) | 84 (60.0) | 80 (57.1) | 1.213 | 0.545 |
| No | 51 (36.4) | 56 (40.0) | 60 (42.9) | ||||
| Insomnia | Yes | 68 (48.6) | 62 (44.3) | 62 (44.3) | 0.691 | 0.708 | |
| No | 72 (51.4) | 78 (55.7) | 78 (55.7) | ||||
| Increased thirst | Yes | 53 (37.9) | 85 (60.7) | 45 (32.1) | 26.030 | <0.001 | |
| No | 87 (62.1) | 55 (39.3) | 95 (67.9) | ||||
| Fatigue | Yes | 117 (83.6) | 133 (95.0) | 111 (79.3) | 15.302 | <0.001 | |
| No | 23 (16.4) | 7 (5.0) | 29 (20.7) | ||||
| Increased hunger | Yes | 34 (24.3) | 41 (29.3) | 24 (17.1) | 5.789 | 0.055 | |
| No | 106 (75.7) | 99 (70.7) | 116 (82.9) | ||||
| Sweet-smelling breath | Yes | 81 (57.9) | 79 (56.4) | 27 (19.3) | 54.212 | <0.001 | |
| No | 59 (42.1) | 61 (43.6) | 113 (80.7) | ||||
| Cold sweating | Yes | 80 (57.1) | 107 (76.4) | 100 (71.4) | 12.962 | 0.002 | |
| No | 60 (42.9) | 33 (23.6) | 40 (28.6) | ||||
| Central nervous system symptoms | Irritability or having other mood changes | Yes | 100 (71.4) | 123 (87.9) | 104 (74.3) | 12.513 | 0.002 |
| No | 40 (28.6) | 17 (12.1) | 36 (25.7) | ||||
| Confusion or difficulty concentrating | Yes | 61 (43.6) | 57 (40.7) | 43 (30.7) | 5.399 | 0.067 | |
| No | 79 (56.4) | 83 (59.3) | 97 (69.3) | ||||