Visual Summary.
Timeline of Events
| Patient | Time | Event |
|---|---|---|
| Patient 1 | Day 0 | Left subclavian stenting via right CFA with Angio-Seal closure |
| Day 5 | Presented with hypertensive emergency and pulsatile groin mass; CDUS showed pseudoaneurysm (5.50-mm neck) | |
| Same day | Failed UGCR; underwent BATI via right PTA with 300 IU thrombin and 7.0-mm balloon | |
| 8-mo follow-up | No recurrence on imaging | |
| Patient 2 | Day 0 | PCI via right CFA with Mynx closure |
| Overnight | Developed expanding hematoma and pseudoaneurysm (6.00-mm neck); failed UGCR and FemoStop | |
| Same day | BATI via right PTA with 195 IU thrombin and 6.0-mm balloon | |
| 9-mo follow-up | No recurrence | |
| Patient 3 | Day 0 | Diagnostic angiography post-CABG; Angio-Seal used |
| Day 5 | Presented with pseudoaneurysm (5.50-mm neck); failed UGCR and FemoStop | |
| Same day | BATI via right PTA with 250 IU thrombin and 7.0-mm balloon | |
| 6-mo follow-up | No recurrence | |
| Patient 4 | Day 0 | Bilateral CFA access for iliac stenting with Mynx closure |
| Next morning | Developed hemorrhagic shock; pseudoaneurysm (5.94-mm neck) confirmed on CDUS | |
| Same day | BATI via right PTA with 360 IU thrombin and 6.0-mm balloon | |
| 72-h follow-up | No recurrence | |
| Patient 5 | Unspecified | Post-TAVR complication; pseudoaneurysm (6.29-mm neck) at left CFA |
| Same day | BATI via right radial access with 260 IU thrombin and 7.0-mm balloon | |
| 3-mo follow-up | No recurrence | |
| Patient 6 | Day 0 | Revascularization via left CFA with Angio-Seal |
| Day 1 | Developed pseudoaneurysm (6.95-mm neck); confirmed on imaging | |
| Same day | BATI via right radial access with 292 IU thrombin and 7.0-mm balloon | |
| 2-mo follow-up | No recurrence |
Timeline of events for 6 patients who underwent modified BATI via distal access for wide-neck femoral pseudoaneurysms.
BATI = balloon-assisted thrombin injection; CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; CFA = common femoral artery; PTA = posterior tibial artery; TAVR = transcatheter aortic valve replacement; UGCR = ultrasound-guided compression repair.