Table 3.
General Linear Mixed Model Estimated Clinical Marker Linear Trajectory Assessing Impact of Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Therapy (Post-Treatment Comparison) Among Persons with HIV/ Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection, Adjusted for Age, Sex, and Race, the HIV Outpatient Study, 2010–2020
| Markers | DAA-treated (n = 153) | DAA-naïve (n = 194) | Prior to Rxe | Post Rxf | Post Rx (treated vs. naïve) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-DAAa | Post-DAAb | Pre-pseudoc | Post-pseudod | Treated versus naïveg | Treated versus naïveh | p valuei | |
| Log (CD4 cells/mL)j | 0.04 (0.03, 0.05) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.00) | 0.03 (0.02, 0.04) | 0.04 (0.02, 0.06) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.00) | 0.05 (0.03, 0.08) | <.0001 |
| Log (CD8 cells/mL)j | −0.02 (−0.03, −0.01)k | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.02) | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.01) | 0.05 (0.03, 0.07) | 0.01 (0.00, 0.03) | 0.04 (0.02, 0.07) | <.001 |
| CD4% | 0.81 (0.67, 0.94) | −0.05 (−0.24, 0.14) | 0.38 (0.24, 0.53) | 0.04 (−0.23, 0.32) | 0.42 (−0.62, −0.23) | 0.09 (−0.24, 0.42) | .59 |
| CD8% | −1.07 (−1.23, −0.91) | 0.48 (0.239, 0.71) | −0.48 (−0.67, −0.30) | 0.32 (−0.03, 0.66) | 0.59 (0.34, 0.83) | −0.16 (−0.58, 0.25) | .45 |
| CD4/CD8 (ratio) | 0.04 (0.04, 0.05) | −0.00 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.02 (0.02, 0.03) | 0.00 (−0.01, 0.02) | −0.02 (−0.03, −0.01) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.02) | .36 |
| ALT (mu/μL) | −2.15 (−4.41, 0.11) | −9.7 (−13.25, −6.15) | −3.14 (−5.66, −0.63) | −2.83 (−7.18, 1.53) | 0.19 (−2.14, 2.52) | 7.49 (3.66,11.33) | <.001 |
| AST (mu/μL) | −1.30 (−4.17, 1.56) | −8.26 (−12.90, −3.61) | 0.92 (−2.18, 4.02) | −7.03 (−12.55, −1.49) | 0.17 (−2.41, 2.76) | 5.36 (1.09, 9.62) | .01 |
| Platelets (count/μL) | −0.74 (−1.97, 0.49) | 3.53 (1.63, 5.43) | 3.14 (1.73, 4.54) | 0.41 (−1.97, 2.80) | 3.88 (2.01, 5.75) | −3.12 (−6.18, −0.07) | .04 |
| FIB-4 | 0.06 (−0.01, 0.13) | −0.20 (−0.31, −0.09) | −0.01 (−0.09, 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.13, 0.15) | −0.07 (−0.17, 0.02) | 0.23 (0.07, 0.39) | .004 |
| HIV VL (>200 copies/μL)l | −0.36 (−0.45, −0.27) | 0.18 (0.03, 0.34) | −0.16 (−0.25, −0.06) | 0.02 (−0.13, 0.16) | 0.21 (0.08, 0.34) | −0.17 (−0.38, 0.047) | .13 |
| HCV VL (greater than the lower range value)m | −0.23 (−0.27, −0.18) | −2.38 (−2.84, −1.93) | −0.01 (−0.06, 0.04) | 0.21 (−0.06, 0.47) | 0.02 (0.012, 0.02) | 0.21 (0.17, 0.256) | <.0001 |
Pre-DAA indicates prior to DAA prescription for the DAA-treated group.
Post-DAA indicates after DAA prescription for the DAA-treated group.
Pre-pseudo indicates prior to propensity score matched FIB-4 date for the DAA-naïve group.
Post-pseudo indicates after propensity score matched FIB-4 date for the DAA-naïve group.
Prior Rx (DAA prescription) refers to before DAA prescription.
Post Rx refers to after DAA prescription.
Treated versus naïve groups before DAA prescription.
Treated versus naïve groups after DAA prescription.
Contrast of treated versus naïve groups before and after DAA prescription.
Logarithmic transformation of CD4 or CD8 counts.
Slope estimates (95% confidence interval) represent the rate of change in marker values per year using all laboratory results between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2019.
Logistic regression for probability of HIV VL >200 copies/mL.
Logistic regression for probability of HCV VL being positive (greater than the lower range value).