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. 2025 Jul 29;7(19):5888–5904. doi: 10.1039/d5na00513b

Table 1. Summary of integrative omics and AI-driven nanomedicine approaches for personalized pancreatic cancer therapy.

Technological approach Key insights Nanomedicine application
Single-cell and spatial omics techniques Detailed mapping of tumor heterogeneity; identification of rare subpopulations (e.g., cancer stem cells and resistant clones) Tailoring nanotherapeutics to target elusive, drug-resistant niches and specific cellular subpopulations
Integrative analysis of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epitranscriptomics Comprehensive molecular portraits; uncovering complex networks, regulatory nodes, and feedback loops Designing nanocarriers that precisely target key signaling pathways and regulatory hubs driving tumor progression and resistance
Machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms Identification of novel biomarkers; prediction of functional consequences of mutations Guiding the customization of smart, adaptive nanoparticles that adjust drug release profiles based on the tumor's evolving molecular landscape
Integration of omics data with imaging agents and biosensors embedded in nanocarriers Real-time monitoring of treatment efficacy and tumor molecular responses Enabling theranostic platforms that provide dynamic feedback to adjust treatment regimens in real time, ensuring sustained therapeutic effectiveness
Correlating multi-omics signatures with drug response profiles Patient stratification; identification of individualized biomarkers Functionalizing nanocarriers with specific ligands to achieve highly personalized therapy tailored to each patient's unique molecular profile