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. 2025 Aug 8;7:1612903. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2025.1612903

FIGURE 2.

Diagram illustrating a cancer research process. It begins with cancer classification and individual data collection, moving to the primary tumor's transcriptomic and genomic analysis using NGS data. Media panels show various samples. Proliferation depicts cell growth. Transcriptomic and genomic matching analysis is demonstrated, leading to the best matching Next Generation Cancer Model (NGCM). Arrows indicate process flow.

Scheme for the establishment of next-generation cancer models (NGCMs). Top row from left to right: A patient suffering from cancer donates a biopsy sample together with personal medical data obtained in the hospital. In the next step, genomic and transcriptomic molecular data of the primary cells are generated, and a panel of combinations of chemically defined culture media and additives is used to induce proliferation. Bottom row from left to right: Once the optimal medium has been found, a transcriptome is generated again of growing cell cultures and compared with the next-generation sequencing (NGS) data set of the original tumor. Cell lines with the best match are made available to cancer researchers around the world for research into cancer biology and the discovery of new drug targets. The Human Cancer Models Initiative has developed over 700 NGCMs to convert patient tumor samples into a cell model without using fetal bovine serum (FBS). Created in BioRender (https://biorender.com/).