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. 2025 Aug 8;16:1601670. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1601670

Figure 2.

Flowchart illustrating the process of cytokine release syndrome. It features five main modules: CAR-T Cells, Checkpoint Inhibitors, Bispecific T-cell Engagers, Crosslinking Activation, and FcγR Effector Cell Activation. Each module connects through stages like T cell activation, increased proinflammatory mediators, recruitment of inflammatory cells, and systemic inflammation, leading to cytokine release syndrome. Key interactions and pathways are shown with arrows and labeled boxes, indicating sequential biological events.

The Cytokine Release Syndrome Map (CRS Map) illustration. The online version of the map is available for browsing and exploration in the MINERVA Platform at https://imsavar.elixir-luxembourg.org/minerva/index.xhtml?id=CRSmap123. Yellow rectangles show specific proteins, and white rectangles show generic proteins (more than one specific protein included in the collection). The map can be downloaded from MINERVA in various formats including SBML and CellDesigner formats (Submaps>Download).