2.

Pulse Modulation: (a) Illustration of the device response to a square voltage modulation of the gate. (b and c) Time-resolved measurement of the transmitted signal at 8 and 2 MHz, respectively. The bottom panel plots the raw data from the streak camera, while the top panel plots the integrated amplitude. (d and e) Normalized time-domain pulse transmission (blue dots) for two different polariton energies E = −13.7 meV and E = −4 meV, plotted along the normalized electric signal input (green line). The data is fitted to a pulse function (red line). The black lines mark the “on” (solid) and “off” (dashed) states.