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. 2025 Aug 11;8:1639720. doi: 10.3389/frai.2025.1639720

Table 4.

Cross-validation performance of the proposed ALC and other classifiers on the Breast Cancer Wisconsin dataset (mean over 10-folds).

Metric ALC XGB SVM MLP LR
Loss 0.0261 0.1132 0.1203 0.0682 0.1319
Accuracy 0.9932 0.8927 0.9833 0.9833 0.9559
Precision 0.9943 0.9233 0.9833 0.9833 0.9638
Recall 0.9932 0.9233 0.9833 0.9833 0.9559
F1-Score 0.9932 0.9260 0.9833 0.9833 0.9631
Overfitting -0.0029% 0.1178% 0.0213% 0.0086% 0.0237%
Time (sec.) 3.62 1.09 3.79 4.53 3.81