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. 2025 Aug 7;16:1620884. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1620884

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Copyright © 2025 Gong, Yang, Hu and Mao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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A grid of 24 scatter plots shows data on auditory stimuli. The plots are arranged in four rows and six columns, comparing natural, artificial, and mechanic sounds over short and long paths with uphill and downhill variants. The graphs measure LF/HF and β/α-EEG ratios based on task conditions. Data points are scatter plots with trend lines. — Results of the GLMM for the acoustic environment and physiological indicators of different groups, paths, and modes of movement.