Table 3.

Univariate analysis of incident diabetes risk factors among Chinese and Japanese populations

Variable	Statistics	HR	95% CI	P-value
Country
Chinese	112,483 (87.921%)	Ref.
Japanese	15,453 (12.079%)	0.263	(0.222, 0.311)	< 0.001
Age (years)	43.669 ± 12.355	1.069	(1.065, 1.072)	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m²)	23.125 ± 3.273	1.237	(1.225, 1.250)	< 0.001
SBP (mmHg)	118.424 ± 16.343	1.039	(1.036, 1.041)	< 0.001
DBP (mmHg)	73.892 ± 10.880	1.048	(1.044, 1.052)	< 0.001
FPG (mmol/L)	4.922 ± 0.534	9.504	(8.525, 10.596)	< 0.001
TC (mmol/L)	4.819 ± 0.896	1.286	(1.225, 1.349)	< 0.001
LDL (mmol/L)	2.816 ± 0.706	1.220	(1.149, 1.295)	< 0.001
ALT (U/L)	23.123 ± 20.935	1.004	(1.004, 1.005)	< 0.001
AST (U/L)	23.301 ± 12.074	1.007	(1.006, 1.008)	< 0.001
Smoking Status
Non-smoker	98,587 (77.060%)	Ref.
Smoker	29,349 (22.940%)	1.559	(1.416, 1.716)	< 0.001
Drinking Status
Non-drinker	98,676 (77.129%)	Ref.
Drinker	29,260 (22.871%)	0.785	(0.706, 0.873)	< 0.001
AIP	-0.099 ± 0.308	8.472	(7.426, 9.666)	< 0.001
Gender
Male	68,233 (53.334%)	Ref.
Female	59,703 (46.666%)	0.525	(0.475, 0.581)	< 0.001

BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; LDL-c, low-density lipid cholesterol; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; AIP, atherogenic index of plasma

HR, Hazard ratios; CI: confidence interval, Ref: reference