Table 8.

Mediation analysis of the effect of BMI on the AIP-diabetes relationship

Effect	Total Population	Chinese Population	Japanese Population
	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)
Direct effect (AIP→Diabetes)	2.35 (2.01–2.74)	1.84 (1.54–2.21)	2.42 (1.67–3.52)
Indirect effect (AIP→BMI→Diabetes)	1.58 (1.50–1.67)	1.45 (1.37–1.53)	1.38 (1.26–1.50)
Total effect (AIP→Diabetes)	3.43 (2.97–3.97)	2.53 (2.13–2.99)	3.28 (2.28–4.71)
Proportion mediated	37.27%	39.84%	27.11%

The model was adjusted for multiple variables, including age, gender, BMI, SBP, DBP, FPG, LDL-c, ALT, AST, smoking, and drinking status

AIP, Atherogenic Index of Plasma; BMI, Body Mass Index; HR, Hazard Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval

The proportion mediated refers to the percentage of the total effect of AIP on diabetes risk that is mediated through BMI. The analysis used bootstrap methods to derive confidence intervals for the mediation proportion