Table 3.
Characteristics for the subcohort
| All | Two recurrences | More than two recurrences | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) or median (IQR) | ||||
| Total | 110 | 66 (60) | 44 (40) | |
| Sex | 0.88 | |||
| Female | 64 (58) | 38 (58) | 26 (59) | |
| Male | 46 (42) | 28 (42) | 18 (41) | |
| Age (years) | 75 (68–80) | 75 (67–80) | 76 (70–82) | 0.47 |
| Body Mass Index | 23 (20–27) | 24 (21–27) | 22 (20–26) | 0.17 |
| Clinical Frailty Scale 4–9 | 69 (66) | 37 (58) | 32 (80) | 0.02 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1 (0–4) | 1 (0–3) | 2 (0–4) | 0.03 |
| Healthy | 20 (18) | 16 (24) | 4 (9) | 0.04 |
| Hypertension | 57 (52) | 35 (53) | 22 (50) | 0.75 |
| Cardiac disease | 27 (25) | 14 (21) | 13 (30) | 0.32 |
| Kidney failure GFR < 30 or dialysis | 9 (8) | 3 (5) | 6 (14) | 0.09 |
| Liver failure | 8 (7) | 4 (6) | 4 (9) | 0.55 |
| Cancer | 20 (18) | 12 (18) | 8 (18) | 1 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 20 (18) | 11 (17) | 9 (21) | 0.61 |
| Diabetes | 16 (15) | 8 (12) | 8 (18) | 0.38 |
| Cholecystectomy | 4 (4) | 1 (2) | 3 (7) | 0.15 |
| Immunosuppression | 26 (24) | 16 (24) | 10 (23) | 0.86 |
| Antibiotics last 90 days | 95 (86) | 57 (86) | 38 (86) | 1 |
| Hospitalized last 90 days | 70 (65) | 41 (63) | 29 (67) | 0.64 |
| Treatments at 2nd recurrence | ||||
| Metronidazole | 15 (14) | 9 (14) | 6 (14) | 1 |
| Vancomycin | 40 (36) | 22 (33) | 18 (41) | 0.42 |
| FMT | 44 (40) | 30 (45) | 14 (32) | 0.15 |
| Combination antibiotics | 11 (10) | 5 (8) | 6 (14) | 0.34 |
| Treatment duration (days) | 14 (10–30) | 12 (10–27) | 16 (10–35) | 0.1 |
| Characteristics of 2nd recurrence | ||||
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 57 (25–120) | 88 (30–168) | 48 (17–83) | 0.03 |
| White Blood Cell count (x109 /L) | 12 (9–18) | 11 (9–17) | 13 (9–22) | 0.37 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L) | 77 (55–124) | 76 (50–99) | 78 (58–146) | 0.29 |
| Hospitalized | 48 (47) | 27 (42) | 21 (54) | 0.25 |
| Severe CDI | 24 (25) | 13 (22) | 11 (30) | 0.37 |
| Days between 1st and 2nd recurrence of CDI | 15 (9–26) | 17 (10–29) | 12 (6–19) | 0.003 |
Missing data at baseline: Body Mass Index (n = 3), CFS (n = 6), hospitalized last 90 days (n = 2), antibiotic days (n = 23). Missing data at second recurrence: C-reactive protein (52), White Blood Cell count (54), creatinine (53), hospitalized for second recurrence (7), treatment days (6), severity (13)
Percentages for variables with missing values are valid percentage, excluding the missing values
IQR Interquartile Range, CDIClostridioides difficile infection, GFR Glomerular Filtration Rate (mL/min/1.73 m²)