Table 2.
Results from the Logistic regression model showing factors associated with hypertension in India
| Variables | Odd ratio (95% confidence interval) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Awareness | Treatment | Control | |
| Age | |||
| Less than 15 ® | |||
| 20–24 | 1.69*** [1.59,1.80] | 1.16** [1.06,1.27] | 1.75*** [1.68,1.82] |
| 25–29 | 1.97*** [1.84,2.11] | 1.20*** [1.09,1.33] | 2.52*** [2.41,2.63] |
| 30–34 | 2.41*** [2.25,2.59] | 1.63*** [1.47,1.81] | 3.89*** [3.72,4.07] |
| 35–39 | 3.07*** [2.85,3.30] | 2.41*** [2.18,2.66] | 5.46*** [5.21,5.71] |
| 40–44 | 4.33*** [4.03,4.65] | 4.34*** [3.94,4.79] | 7.79*** [7.44,8.15] |
| 45–49 | 5.77*** [5.36,6.21] | 6.65*** [6.02,7.34] | 10.16*** [9.71,10.64] |
| More than 50 | 8.41*** [7.75,9.13] | 9.90*** [8.88,11.03] | 11.03*** [10.48,11.61] |
| Sex | |||
| Male ® | |||
| Female | 1.57*** [1.53,1.61] | 1.33*** [1.28,1.38] | 0.69*** [0.68,0.70] |
| Place of Residence | |||
| Urban ® | |||
| Rural | 1.01 [0.96,1.06] | 0.94** [0.89,0.98] | 0.96* [0.94,0.99] |
| Religion | |||
| Hindu ® | |||
| Muslim | 1.14*** [1.07,1.20] | 1.23*** [1.16,1.31] | 1.01 [0.98,1.05] |
| Christian | 1.18*** [1.07,1.30] | 1.14** [1.03,1.25] | 1.05 [0.99,1.10] |
| Others | 1.64*** [1.52,1.78] | 1.19*** [1.08,1.30] | 1.41*** [1.35,1.47] |
| Caste | |||
| Scheduled caste® | |||
| Scheduled tribe | 0.72*** [0.67,0.76] | 0.82*** [0.77,0.88] | 1.10*** [1.07,1.14] |
| Other backward class | 1.03 [0.99,1.07] | 0.97 [0.93,1.02] | 0.97* [0.95,0.99] |
| None of them | 1.04 [1.00,1.09] | 1.12*** [1.06,1.18] | 1.01 [0.98,1.04] |
| Wealth Index | |||
| Poorest ® | |||
| Poorer | 1.15*** [1.10,1.21] | 1.11** [1.04,1.18] | 1.08*** [1.05,1.11] |
| Middle | 1.28*** [1.22,1.35] | 1.27*** [1.19,1.35] | 1.19*** [1.16,1.22] |
| Richer | 1.39*** [1.32,1.47] | 1.51*** [1.41,1.61] | 1.30*** [1.26,1.35] |
| Richest | 1.55*** [1.46,1.66] | 1.79*** [1.67,1.93] | 1.38*** [1.33,1.43] |
| Education | |||
| No Education ® | |||
| Primary | 1.06** [1.02,1.10] | 1.13*** [1.07,1.19] | 1.05*** [1.02,1.08] |
| Secondary | 1.18*** [1.14,1.22] | 1.16*** [1.11,1.22] | 1.03** [1.01,1.06] |
| Higher | 1.23*** [1.17,1.29] | 1.11** [1.04,1.19] | 0.94*** [0.91,0.97] |
| Marital Status | |||
| Never married ® | |||
| Married | 1.76*** [1.68,1.85] | 1.37*** [1.27,1.47] | 1 [0.97,1.03] |
| Widowed | 1.78*** [1.65,1.92] | 1.59*** [1.44,1.77] | 1.19*** [1.13,1.26] |
| Divorced | 1.61*** [1.34,1.94] | 1.31* [1.01,1.69] | 1.04 [0.92,1.17] |
| Alcohol Consumption | |||
| No ® | |||
| Yes | 1.11*** [1.06,1.15] | 1.08** [1.02,1.14] | 1.34*** [1.31,1.37] |
| Tobacco Consumption | |||
| No ® | |||
| Yes | 0.85*** [0.82,0.88] | 0.79*** [0.75,0.83] | 0.87*** [0.85,0.88] |
| Health Insurance | |||
| No ® | |||
| Yes | 0.90*** [0.88,0.93] | 0.99 [0.95,1.02] | 0.97*** [0.95,0.98] |
| Region | |||
| North ® | |||
| Central | 1.02 [0.96,1.08] | 0.88*** [0.83,0.93] | 1.13*** [1.10,1.17] |
| East | 1.22*** [1.14,1.30] | 1.51*** [1.42,1.61] | 0.90*** [0.86,0.93] |
| North East | 1.21*** [1.13,1.30] | 2.10*** [1.96,2.26] | 1.01 [0.97,1.06] |
| West | 0.49*** [0.46,0.52] | 1.01 [0.94,1.08] | 0.89*** [0.85,0.93] |
| South | 0.86*** [0.81,0.92] | 1.42*** [1.35,1.50] | 1.12*** [1.08,1.16] |
Source: NFHS-5, 2019–21
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001