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. 2025 Aug 22;44:249. doi: 10.1186/s13046-025-03520-6

Fig. 22.

Fig. 22

Schematic illustration of the synthesis, anti-tumor effect, and immune activation of AMO. AMO is synthesized via a rapid solvothermal method. Upon entering tumor cells, AMO consumes GSH, degrades H₂O₂ to generate ROS, and releases MoO₄²⁻ and Ag⁺. Intracellular GSH depletion and ROS induction lead to ferroptosis. Additionally, MoO₄²⁻ upregulates intracellular GSDME, and combined with ROS and Ag⁺ stimuli, cells undergo caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. Ferroptosis and pyroptosis synergistically enhance the immune response